天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 517-521.doi: 10.11958/20253266

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

血清DKK1、SETDB1、SMURF1联合检测对胫骨干骨折患者术后延迟愈合的预测价值

刘豫新1(), 俞亮1, 路坦2, 李琦1, 申智中1, 赵义磊1△()   

  1. 1 河南医药大学第一附属医院急诊外科(邮编 453100)
    2 河南医药大学第一附属医院骨科(邮编 453100)
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-30 修回日期:2025-12-26 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-13
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:zhao_vincent@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘豫新(1988),男,主治医师,主要从事创伤骨科愈合相关的临床及基础研究。E-mail:luhey26714@163.com

Predictive value of combined serum DKK1, SETDB1 and SMURF1 tests for postoperative delayed healing in patients with tibial shaft fractures

LIU Yuxin1(), YU Liang1, LU Tan2, LI Qi1, SHEN Zhizhong1, ZHAO Yilei1△()   

  1. 1 Department of Emergency Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Medicine, Xinxiang 453100, China
    2 Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Medicine, Xinxiang 453100, China
  • Received:2025-10-30 Revised:2025-12-26 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-13
  • Contact: E-mail:zhao_vincent@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨血清中Dickkopf相关蛋白1(DKK1)、SET结构域分支型1(SETDB1)和SMAD特异性E3泛素蛋白连接酶1(SMURF1)水平对胫骨干骨折患者术后延迟愈合的预测价值。方法 选取210例接受胫骨干骨折手术治疗的患者为研究对象,根据术后是否延迟愈合分为正常组(142例)和延迟组(68例)。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测患者术后1 d、1周、4周、8周血清DKK1、SETDB1、SMURF1水平。收集2组的临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析术后延迟愈合的影响因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清DKK1、SETDB1、SMURF1及三者联合检测对胫骨干骨折患者术后延迟愈合的预测价值。结果 延迟组心血管疾病、高血压、骨质疏松比例均高于正常组(P<0.05)。各时间点延迟组血清DKK1、SETDB1水平低于正常组,SMURF1水平高于正常组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清DKK1和SETDB1水平降低,SMURF1水平升高、心血管疾病、高血压、骨质疏松是胫骨干骨折患者术后延迟愈合的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示DKK1、SETDB1和SMURF1联合检测对术后延迟愈合具有较高的预测效能,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.931(95%CI:0.897~0.966,P<0.05)。结论 血清DKK1、SETDB1、SMURF1联合检测可有效预测胫骨干骨折患者术后延迟愈合风险,为临床早期识别高危患者、制定针对性干预措施提供参考。

关键词: 胫骨骨折, 骨折愈合, Dickkopf相关蛋白1, SET结构域分支型1, SMAD特异性E3泛素蛋白连接酶1, 延迟愈合

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum levels of Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) and SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (SMURF1) on delayed healing in tibial shaft fracture patients. Methods A total of 210 patients who underwent surgical treatment for tibial shaft fractures were enrolled as study subjects, and patients were categorized into the normal healing group (n = 142) and the delayed healing group (n = 68) based on the presence or absence of postoperative delayed fracture union. Serum levels of DKK1, SETDB1 and SMURF1 were measured at 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks postoperatively using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical data were collected from both groups, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing postoperative delayed healing. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive value of serum DKK1, SETDB1 and SMURF1 levels individually and in combination for delayed healing following surgery in patients with tibial shaft fractures. Results The proportions of cardiovascular disease, hypertension and osteoporosis were higher in the delayed group than those in the normal group (P<0.05). At all measured time points, serum levels of DKK1 and SETDB1 were significantly lower in the delayed healing group than those in the normal healing group, whereas SMURF1 level was significantly higher (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that decreased serum levels of DKK1 and SETDB1, along with elevated SMURF1 levels, were independent risk factors for postoperative delayed healing (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the combined detection of DKK1, SETDB1 and SMURF1 had high predictive accuracy for delayed healing, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.931 (95%CI:0.897-0.966,P<0.05). Conclusion The combined detection of serum DKK1, SETDB1 and SMURF1 can effectively predict the risk of postoperative delayed healing in patients with tibial shaft fracture, thereby facilitating early clinical identification of high-risk individuals and guiding the development of targeted intervention strategies.

Key words: tibial fractures, fracture healing, DKK1, SETDB1, SMURF1, delayed healing

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