天津医药

天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 528-532.doi: 10.11958/20242141

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

C形钳外固定急救技术与骨盆兜带悬吊牵引技术治疗不稳定骨盆后环骨折的疗效比较

马啸天1(), 殷钰涵1, 余棹晖2   

  1. 1 江南大学附属医院创伤外科（邮编214000）
    2 无锡市人民医院骨科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-06 修回日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-28
  • 作者简介:马啸天（1993），男，医师，主要从事创伤方面研究。E-mail：mxt18021566700@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    无锡市卫生健康委员会科研项目(M202109)

Comparison of the therapeutic effects of C-shaped forceps external fixation emergency technique and pelvic belt suspension traction technique in the treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures

MA Xiaotian1(), YIN Yuhan1, YU Zhaohui2   

  1. 1 Department of Traumatology, Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
    2 Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi People's Hospital
  • Received:2024-12-06 Revised:2025-02-19 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-05-28

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摘要：

目的 对比C形钳外固定急救技术与骨盆兜带悬吊牵引技术在不稳定骨盆后环骨折中的应用效果。方法 选取不稳定骨盆后环骨折患者80例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各40例。对照组采用骨盆兜带悬吊牵引技术固定骨盆骨折，观察组采用C形钳外固定急救技术固定骨盆骨折。于固定后行术后骨盆X线检查评估2组骨盆骨折复位质量；记录急救操作/手术时间、总输血量及术后2 h休克指数；并评估急救效果（再出血率、二次损伤率、二次手术率、抢救成功率和内固定手术率）；于固定前、固定30 min后分别采用面部表情疼痛量表（FPS-R）评估疼痛程度；治疗6个月后，采用骨盆骨折功能评分系统（Majeed）评估骨盆功能。结果 观察组患者骨盆骨折复位质量优良率高于对照组（75.0% vs. 55.0%，P<0.05）。观察组二次损伤率、内固定手术率及二次手术率均低于对照组，抢救成功率高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组急救操作/手术时间、总输血量和休克指数均低于对照组（P<0.05）。固定30 min后，2组FPS-R评分较固定前均降低，且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗6个月后，2组Majeed评分均较固定前升高，2组间差异无统计学意义。结论 C形钳外固定急救技术治疗不稳定骨盆后环骨折效果良好，值得临床推广应用。

关键词: C形钳外固定, 骨盆兜带悬吊牵引技术, 不稳定骨盆后环骨折, 急救效果

Abstract:

Objective To compare the application effects of C-shaped forceps external fixation emergency technique and pelvic belt suspension traction technique in unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures. Methods A total of 80 patients with unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given pelvic belt suspension traction technique to fix pelvic fractures, while the observation group was given C-shaped forceps external fixation emergency technique to fix pelvic fractures. After fixation, pelvic X-ray examination was performed to evaluate the reduction quality of pelvic fractures in two groups. The emergency operation/surgery time, total blood transfusion volume and 2-hour shock index after surgery were recorded. The emergency effects (rebleeding rate, secondary injury rate, secondary surgery rate, rescue success rate and internal fixation surgery rate) were evaluated. The facial expression pain scale (FPS-R) was used to assess the degree of pain before fixation and 30 minutes after fixation. After 6 months of treatment, pelvic function was evaluated using the Pelvic Fracture Function Rating System (Majeed). Results The excellent rate of pelvic fracture reduction quality was higher in the observation group than that in the control group (75.0% vs. 55.0%, P<0.05). The secondary injury rate, internal fixation surgery rate and secondary surgery rate were lower in the observation group than those of the control group, and the success rate of rescue was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The emergency operation/surgery time, total blood transfusion volume and shock index were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). After 30 minutes of fixation, the FPS-R scores of both groups decreased compared to before fixation, and FPS-R scores of the observation group was lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment, Majeed scores in both groups were increased compared to those before fixation, and there were no significant differences in Majeed scores between the two groups. Conclusion The emergency treatment of unstable pelvic posterior ring fractures using C-shaped forceps external fixation technique has shown good results and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Key words: C-shaped clamp external fixation, pelvic sling suspension traction technology, unstable pelvic posterior ring fracture, first aid effect

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