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甲状腺激素不敏感综合征三例报道及部分家系TRβ基因位点分析并文献复习

谷奕1,巩纯秀1,董倩2   

  1. 1. 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院
    2. 北京首都儿科研究所
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-05 修回日期:2012-09-13 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 谷奕

Report three cases of Resistance to thyroid hormone(RTH)and analysis thyroid hormone receptorβ gene

  • Received:2012-09-05 Revised:2012-09-13 Published:2012-10-15 Online:2012-10-15
  • Contact: YI GU

摘要: [目的] 甲状腺不敏感综合征是由于甲状腺激素受体缺陷导致甲状腺激素作用障碍,使机体组织器官对甲状腺激素敏感性降低的一种罕见疾病。发病与甲状腺激素受体β(thyroid hormone receptor β, TRβ)基因突变相关。 报道我院临床明确诊断的三例甲状腺激素不敏感综合征病例,并对部分患儿及家系进行TRβ基因突变位点分析,研究基因突变情况。[方法] 三例临床确诊病人均来自我院住院病人,进行甲状腺功能、生化、垂体核磁共振及地塞米松抑制试验,明确甲状腺激素不敏感综合征诊断。获得知情同意书的患儿及其家系进行外周血DNA的TRβ基因突变位点分析。[结果] 三例患儿均存在甲状腺肿大、心悸、多汗高代谢症候群,一例存突眼体征。甲状腺功能共同特征显示变成了天冬氨酸(GAT),但患儿母亲没有甲状腺疾病的临床表现。第一例患儿及父母未发现TRβ基因突变位点。三例患儿均给予溴隐亭治疗,心率及甲状腺肿大症状好血FT3、FT4升高明显,TSH正常或略升高。第一例患儿及家系成员进行TRβ基因突变位点分析,发现患儿及其母亲TRβ基因第9外显子突变第1235位碱基由胞嘧啶变成腺嘌呤,致第317位密码子从丙氨酸(GCT)转,未出现溴隐亭副作用发生。[结论] 发现一例目前未报道的中国人家系新的TRβ基因突变,提示甲状腺激素不敏感综合征可由TRβ基因突变所致。发现该例患儿及其母亲的TRβ基因第9外显子具相同突变位点(A317D),但患儿母亲并没有甲状腺功能亢进症的临床表现,说明即使基因位点突变相同,所产生的临床表型也不尽相同,提示甲状腺激素不敏感综合征具多样的临床表现,临床工作中需仔细识别。国内首次尝试应用溴隐亭治疗甲状腺不敏感综合征可以获得满意临床效果,未出现副作用的发生,为临床治疗该病提供新的选择。

关键词: 甲状腺激素不敏感综合征, TRβ基因突变

Abstract: Aims We report the clinical characteristics and the genetic analysis of their family members of three cases. Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), a dominant inherited syndrome and it is usually due to mutations located at the ligand-binding domain and adjacent hinge region of the thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ). Methods: We describe patients’ clinical features, biochemical and hormones level such as thyroid function tests (TFTs), imagination data . We also detected the TFTs of his family members as well. Direct DNA sequencing of the TRβ gene was done for all those with abnormal TFTs. Results: The RTH children had goiter, irritability, aggressiveness, and hyperhidrosis. The TFTs showed high levels of circulating free thyroid hormones (FT4 and FT3) and normal or high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. All of these patients used bromocriptine, and then clinical presentations got improved obviously without obvious advert effect. From these three patients and their family members we identified a novel missense mutation, A317D, located in exon 9 of the gene of a boy patient and his mother, but his mother showed no any clinical presentation. However, we didn't have any abnormal finding in for other patients and their parents.Conclusion: The RTH children had goiter, irritability, aggressiveness, and hyperhidrosis. The TFTs showed high levels of circulating free thyroid hormones (FT4 and FT3) and normal or high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. Fund a novel mutation in the TRβ in one patient and his mother. This research verified the phenomena that there is a heterogeneous within the same mutation of RTH patients. All of these patients used bromocriptine, and then clinical presentations got improved obviously without obvious advert effect.

Key words: RTH, TRβ