• 循证医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

利伐沙班预防髋或膝关节置换术后静脉血栓栓塞症的Meta分析

肖瑜   

  1. 天津市天津医院
  • 收稿日期:2011-07-25 修回日期:2011-11-01 出版日期:2012-05-15 发布日期:2012-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 肖瑜

  • Received:2011-07-25 Revised:2011-11-01 Published:2012-05-15 Online:2012-05-15

摘要: 通过Meta分析评价Xa因子抑制剂利伐沙班与低分子肝素依诺肝素比较对择期髋或膝置换术后VTE发生率的影响。方法 计算机检索数据库MEDLINE(1966年至2010年3月)、PubMed(1966年至2010年3月)、EMBASE(1966年至2010年3月)、Cochrane图书馆(2010年第3期)、中国生物医学文献数据库(1978年至2010年3月)、中国期刊全文数据库(1980年至2010年3月)、中国科技期刊数据库(1989年至2010年3月)中关于利伐沙班与依诺肝素比较预防择期髋或膝置换术后VTE发生的临床随机对照研究,并查阅所有检出文献和相关综述的参考文献作为补充文献,截止到2010年3月。采用RevMan 5.0软件进行统计分析,利伐沙班组与依诺肝素组总静脉血栓栓塞症、重大静脉血栓栓塞症、出血事件和心血管不良事件发生率采用优势比评价。结果 共纳入前瞻性随机对照研究4篇。Meta分析结果显示,与依诺肝素组比较利伐沙班能够降低择期髋或膝置换患者总静脉血栓栓塞症发生率(优势比0.38,95%置信区间[0.23,0.61],P<0.001)和重大静脉血栓栓塞症发生率(优势比0.25,95%置信区间[0.11,0.56],P<0.001),而出血事件和心血管不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义。结论 口服利伐沙班能够减少择期髋或膝置换术后VTE的发生率,不增加出血事件及心血管不良事件的发生风险。

关键词: 利伐沙班, 关节成形术, 置换, 膝, 髋, Meta分析, 静脉血栓栓塞症

Abstract: Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of using Rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxia after hip or knee arthroplasty. Methods Studies were identified by computer from MEDLINE(1966 to March 2010), Pubmed(1966 to March 2010), EMBASE(1966 to March 2010), the Cochrance Central Register of Controlled Trials(Central, 2010, Issue 3), CMB(1978 to March 2010), VIP(1980 to March 2010), CNKI(1989 to March 2010), relevant journals or conference proceedings were also searched manually. The authors only enrolled high quality (A grade) randomized controlled trails (RCTs). Odds ratio (OR) of total venous thromboembolism, vital venous thromboembolism, bleeding episodes and coronary episodes rate in Rivaroxaban-treated group versus Enoxaparin group were calculated across studies. Results Four RCTs met the criteria for meta-analysis. The use of Rivaroxaban significantly reduced the rate of total venous thromboembolism (OR=0.38, 95%CI[0.23,0.61], P<0.001) and vital venous thromboembolism (OR=0.25, 95%CI[0.11,0.56], P<0.001), without risking the risk of bleeding episodes and coronary episodes compared with Enoxaparin group. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that the use of Rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxia after hip or knee arthroplasty is effective and safe.

Key words: Rivaroxaban, Arthroplasty, replacement, knee, hip, Meta-analysis, Venous thromboembolism