天津医药

天津医药 ›› 2015, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 912-915.doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.023

• 流行病学调查 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津市妇产科医务人员对孕前和孕期保健的KAP 研究

王建梅，张钰娟，霍彦，杨敬，谢国华，殷文静   

  1. 天津医科大学第二医院计划生育科
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-05 修回日期:2015-04-17 出版日期:2015-08-15 发布日期:2015-08-15
  • 作者简介:王建梅(1968),女，副主任医师，博士，主要从事避孕节育、不孕不育、优生优育和女性生殖健康方面研究
  • 基金资助:
    天津市卫生局科技基金项目（2011KZ98）

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of preconception and prenatal care in Tianjin obstetrics and gynecology personnels

WANG Jianmei, ZHANG Yujuan, HUO Yan, YANG Jing, XIE Guohua, YIN Wenjing   

  1. Department of Family Planning, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Received:2015-03-05 Revised:2015-04-17 Published:2015-08-15 Online:2015-08-15

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摘要： 目的了解天津市妇产科医务人员对孕前和孕期保健（PAPC）的知识、态度和行为（KAP）现状，为制定有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法分层整群随机抽样方法抽取天津市各级医疗机构的妇产科医务人员382 例，采用自填式孕前和孕期保健KAP 问卷进行调查，调查内容包括：一般情况、PAPC 知识知晓情况、PAPC 相关态度、提供PAPC 服务的情况及相关培训需求。结果本次调查回收有效问卷364 份,被调查者对补充叶酸、孕前必查项目和传统产前检查的知晓程度较高；对补钙补铁、孕前备查项目和新兴产前检查的知晓程度较低。一级医疗机构者的 PAPC 知识得分高于三级和二级医疗机构者，医生高于护士，低年龄组和低工作年限组的得分较高，差异有统计学意义。91.21%的被调查者认为PAPC 意义重大，但86.54%对自身能否提供全面的PAPC 咨询缺乏信心。分别有 63.74%、54.67%、38.74%和32.42%的被调查者能提供有不良妊娠史、甲状腺功能异常、生殖道感染和糖尿病等特殊情况的PAPC 指导。被调查者最需要的培训内容为存在合并症或高危因素时的PAPC 知识、产前诊断的新进展、孕期营养和咨询沟通技巧。结论建议通过一系列干预措施，进一步提高妇产科医务人员的PAPC 认知水平，使其增强服务信心，改进相关行为，从而提供更科学、全面的PAPC 服务。

关键词: 孕前保健, 产前保健, 医务人员, 妇产科, 医院, 健康知识, 态度, 实践

Abstract: Objective To better understand the knowledge, attitudes, practice (KAP) and relative demand of precon⁃ ception and prenatal care (PAPC) in medical staffs of obstetrics and gynecology department in Tianjin. Methods Using ran⁃ dom, stratified and clustered sampling approach, we selected 382 obstetrics and gynecology personnels in Tianjin. A self-ad⁃ ministered questionnaire on PAPC KAP was employed to survey their general characteristics, their awareness of PAPC knowledge, their attitudes to PAPC, their service capabilities of PAPC and their request of continuing education. Results The respondents were lacking of KAP in Calcium and Iron supplementation, alternative preconception examination and emerging prenatal examination but present good KAP in folic acid supplemen, necessary prenatal items and classic prenatal examination. Doctors′ average knowledge score was higher than nurses′. The scores in primary health care institutions was significantly higher than that in tertiary and secondary medical institutions. Young and junior medical respondents showed higher awareness than older and senior ones. Most (91.21%) respondents believe that PAPC is necessary. But 86.54% of re⁃ spondents are not confident enough to provide comprehensive PAPC services. There were 63.74%, 54.67%, 38.74% and 32.42% of the respondents who could provide special PAPC advisory of adverse pregnancy history, thyroid dysfunction, re⁃ productive infections and diabetes respectively. The most urgent training contents include PAPC knowledge in presence of complications or risk factors, advances in prenatal diagnosis, nutrition during pregnancy and consulting skills. Conclusion It′s necessary to intervent obstetrics and gynecology personnels to improve their cognitive level to PAPC, as well as to amelio⁃ rate relative attitudes and behavior so they can provide more scientific and comprehensive PAPC service.

Key words: preconception care, prenatal care, medical staff, obstetrics and gynecology department, hospital, health knowledge, attitudes, practice