天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 827-833.doi: 10.11958/20253285

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

腰椎管狭窄症术后患者疼痛与运动恐惧对生活质量的潜在剖面分析

鲁青(), 朱如森(), 张伯裕, 于浩, 卫悦   

  1. 天津市人民医院(南开大学第一附属医院)脊柱外科(邮编300121)
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-24 修回日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-07
  • 通讯作者: △E-mail:1598176756@qq.com
  • 作者简介:鲁青(1977),女,副主任护师,主要从事脊柱外科临床护理研究。E-mail:LPY20050523@sina.com

Latent profile analysis of postoperative pain and fear kinesiophobia on the quality of life in patients after lumbar spinal stenosis surgery

LU Qing(), ZHU Rusen(), ZHANG Boyu, YU Hao, WEI Yue   

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
  • Received:2025-11-24 Revised:2026-02-02 Published:2026-08-15 Online:2026-08-07
  • Contact: △E-mail: 1598176756@qq.com

摘要:

目的 探讨腰椎管狭窄症术后患者疼痛灾难化、运动恐惧与生活质量的潜在类别特征,并分析影响类别归属的因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2023年3月—2024年3月选取天津市人民医院脊柱外科收治的腰椎管狭窄症术后患者作为研究对象。采用一般情况调查表、疼痛灾难化量表、恐动症评分表和12条目简明健康调查量表(SF-12)进行调查。通过潜在剖面分析识别异质亚组,并运用单因素分析及无序多分类Logistic回归分析探究各影响因素对不同潜在类别归属的影响。结果 本研究共纳入184例腰椎管狭窄症术后患者,其中男95例(51.63%),女89例(48.37%)。其心理行为反应可分为3个潜在类别:高生活质量型96例(52.17%)、高疼痛灾难化-高运动恐惧型30例(16.30%)与低生活质量型58例(31.52%)。单因素分析结果显示,不同潜在类别患者在性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住状况、月收入及对疾病的了解程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。无序多分类Logistic回归分析显示,男性、中等文化程度(高中或中专)、对疾病的了解程度较高以及月收入5 001~8 000元是患者高生活质量型的独立保护因素;女性是患者高疼痛灾难化-高运动恐惧型的独立危险因素。结论 腰椎管狭窄术后患者在疼痛灾难化、运动恐惧及生活质量方面存在显著异质性,临床可基于此进行精准评估与分层干预,以改善患者预后。

关键词: 椎管狭窄, 腰椎, 灾难化, 生活质量, 运动恐惧, 潜在剖面分析

Abstract:

Objective To explore the latent class characteristics of pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and quality of life (QOL) in patients after lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) surgery, and to analyze the factors influencing class membership. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to recruit patients who underwent LSS surgery in the Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, from March 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17) and the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to identify heterogeneous subgroups. Univariate analysis and multinomial Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing class membership. Results A total of 184 patients were included, consisting of 95 males (51.63%) and 89 females (48.37%). Three latent classes of psychobehavioral responses were identified: the high QOL class (96 cases, 52.17%), the high pain catastrophizing-high kinesiophobia class (30 cases, 16.30%) and the low QOL class (58 cases, 31.52%). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender, age, educational level, marital status, living arrangement, monthly income and level of disease-related knowledge between patients with different potential categories (all P < 0.05). Multinomial Logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, middle educational level (senior high school or technical secondary school), a higher level of disease-related knowledge and a monthly income of 5 001-8 000 yuan were independent protective factors for belonging to the high QOL class. Female gender was an independent risk factor for belonging to the high pain catastrophizing-high kinesiophobia class. Conclusion There is significant heterogeneity in pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and quality of life in patients after lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. These findings may inform precise assessment and stratified intervention in clinical practice to improve patient outcomes.

Key words: spinal stenosis, lumbar vertebrae, catastrophization, quality of life, kinesiophobia, potential profile analysis

中图分类号: