天津医药

天津医药 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1115-1119.doi: 10.11958/20201521

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microRNAs在调控结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞相关信号通路中的作用机制

袁涛，文坤明△   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属医院胃肠外科（邮编563000）
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-28 修回日期:2020-06-12 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-15

The mechanism of microRNAs in regulating signal pathways associated with colorectal cancer stem cells

YUAN Tao, WEN Kun-ming△   

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
  • Received:2020-05-28 Revised:2020-06-12 Published:2020-11-15 Online:2020-11-15

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摘要： 肿瘤干细胞的存在是恶性肿瘤发生、复发、转移及耐药的根本原因。目前临床上并没有针对肿瘤干细胞的有效治疗手段，因此寻找针对肿瘤干细胞的治疗靶点，对指导结直肠癌治疗及改善其预后具有重要意义。大量研究表明微小核糖核酸（microRNAs）在调节结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞中起关键作用。本文归纳总结microRNAs的合成途径与功能以及其通过肿瘤干细胞相关信号通路和上皮间质转化途径调控结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞的作用机制。对结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞相关microRNAs进行深入研究，为结直肠癌的治疗提供新的靶点及切入点。

关键词: 微RNAs, 肿瘤干细胞, 结直肠肿瘤, Wnt信号通路, 受体, Notch, 上皮-间质转化, JAK/STAT3信号通路

Abstract: The existence of cancer stem cells is the root cause of the occurrence, recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance of malignant tumors. However, currently there is no effective clinical treatment for cancer stem cells, so finding therapeutic targets for cancer stem cells is of great significance to guide the treatment of colorectal cancer and improve its prognosis. A large number of studies have showed that micro-ribonucleic acid (microRNAs) plays a key role in regulating colorectal cancer stem cells. This article summarizes the synthetic pathway and function of microRNAs and the related mechanism of regulating colorectal cancer stem cells through cancer stem cell-related signal pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation pathway. The more in-depth study of these microRNAs related to rectal cancer stem cells is expected to provide a new target and breakthrough point for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Key words: microRNA, neoplastic stem cells, colorectal neoplasms, Wnt signaling pathway, receptors, Notch, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway