天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 583-588.doi: 10.11958/20250702

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ⅰ—Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌胸腔镜术后心肺并发症的影响因素及预测模型构建

李建林(), 孙思进, 王大力()   

  1. 国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院胸外科(邮编100021)
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-21 修回日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:wangdlcams@sina.cn
  • 作者简介:李建林(1994),男,硕士在读,主要从事肺部肿瘤治疗方面研究。E-mail:lijlfff@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82303581)

Study on influencing factors and predictive model construction of cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic surgery in stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer

LI Jianlin(), SUN Sijin, WANG Dali()   

  1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
  • Received:2025-02-21 Revised:2025-04-10 Published:2025-06-15 Online:2025-06-20
  • Contact: E-mail: wangdlcams@sina.cn

摘要:

目的 构建基于多维度指标的预测模型,评估Ⅰ—Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者胸腔镜肺叶切除术后心肺并发症的风险。方法 选取并分析600例接受胸腔镜肺叶切除术的Ⅰ—Ⅱ期NSCLC患者的临床资料。根据术后7 d是否发生肺不张、肺栓塞、呼吸衰竭、乳糜胸、大量胸腔积液、低氧血症、心房颤动等并发症,将患者分为并发症组(84例)和无并发症组(516例)。收集患者人口学特征、术前肺功能评估、病理特征及围手术期指标。采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响患者术后心肺并发症的危险因素并构建预测模型,通过Bootstrap重抽样法(1 000次)进行内部验证,评估模型的区分度、校准度及临床决策价值。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.832,95%CI:1.537~2.183)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)病史(OR=6.782,95%CI:2.685~17.130)、Karnofsky功能状态(KPS)评分(OR=0.926,95%CI:0.888~0.965)、第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%pred)(OR=0.906,95%CI:0.845~0.972)、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比(DLCO%pred)(OR=0.901,95%CI:0.832~0.975)、术中出血量(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.014~1.036)及单肺通气时间(OR=1.057,95%CI:1.034~1.080)是术后心肺并发症的独立影响因素。联合诊断的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.977(95%CI:0.965~0.989),敏感度96.4%,特异度87.6%。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验表明模型校准性良好(χ2=1.285,P=0.994)。决策曲线分析显示,当风险阈值概率在20%~98%时,模型具有较高的临床净获益。结论 Ⅰ—Ⅱ期NSCLC患者胸腔镜术后心肺并发症的风险预测模型具有良好的预测性能。

关键词: 癌, 非小细胞肺, 危险因素, 胸腔镜检查, 心肺并发症, 预测模型

Abstract:

Objective To construct a multivariable prediction model for assessing the risk of cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Clinical data of 600 patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the complication group (84 cases) and the non-complication group (516 cases) based on the occurrence of postoperative complication within 7 days, including atelectasis, pulmonary embolism, respiratory failure, chylothorax, massive pleural effusion, hypoxemia and atrial fibrillation. Demographic characteristics, preoperative pulmonary function assessment, pathological features and perioperative indicators were collected. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors influencing postoperative cardiopulmonary complication in patients and construct a predictive model. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap resampling method (1 000 iterations) to evaluate the discrimination, calibration and clinical decision-making value of the model. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors of postoperative cardiopulmonary complication, including age (OR=1.832, 95%CI: 1.537-2.183), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR=6.782, 95%CI: 2.685-17.130), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (OR=0.926, 95%CI: 0.888-0.965), the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to the predictive value (FEV1%pred) (OR=0.906, 95%CI: 0.845-0.972), the percentage of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide to the expected value (DLCO%pred) (OR=0.901, 95%CI: 0.832-0.975), intraoperative blood loss (OR=1.025, 95%CI: 1.014-1.036) and one-lung ventilation time (OR=1.057, 95%CI: 1.034-1.080). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined diagnosis was 0.977 (95%CI: 0.965-0.989), with 96.4% sensitivity and 87.6% specificity. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated excellent calibration (χ2=1.285, P=0.994). Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical net benefit when the risk threshold probability ranged between 20% and 98%. Conclusion The multivariable prediction model for cardiopulmonary complication after thoracoscopic lobectomy in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ NSCLC patients exhibits strong predictive performance.

Key words: cavcinoma, non-small-cell lung, risk factors, thoracoscopy, cardiopulmonary complications, predictive model

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