天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 1086-1090.doi: 10.11958/20252016

• 流行病学调查 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市中关村地区13 105例女性高危型HPV感染及基因分型流行病学分析

杨艳艳(), 王平, 伊雪, 彭金柱, 何宇, 张文宇, 陈磊, 阿孜亚()   

  1. 北京市中关村医院检验科(邮编 100190)
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-21 修回日期:2025-07-20 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-12
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:yansarliljx@sina.com
  • 作者简介:杨艳艳(1983),女,主管技师,主要从事临床输血、分子诊断方面研究。E-mail:93344243@qq.com

Epidemiological analysis of high-risk HPV infection and genotype distribution in 13 105 women in Zhongguancun area, Beijing

YANG Yanyan(), WANG Ping, YI Xue, PENG Jinzhu, HE Yu, ZHANG Wenyu, CHEN Lei, Aziya ()   

  1. Clinical Laboratory, Zhongguancun Hospital, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2025-05-21 Revised:2025-07-20 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-12
  • Contact: E-mail:yansarliljx@sina.com

摘要:

目的 分析北京市中关村地区女性高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的流行病学特征,评估不同人群及年龄段的感染率与基因型分布情况。方法 回顾性分析2019年3月—2024年4月北京市中关村医院妇科门诊及健康体检13 105例女性的HPV分型检测结果,其中妇科门诊就诊者(门诊组)6 010例,健康体检者(体检组)7 095例。采用荧光PCR法检测15种高危型HPV基因型。依据感染型别数量将阳性样本分为单一感染、二重感染、多重感染,依据年龄划分为6个年龄组(≤30岁、31~40岁、41~50岁、51~60岁、61~70岁、≥71岁),分析不同感染类型及年龄段的感染特征。结果 总体HPV阳性率为10.78%(1 413/13 105),门诊组显著高于体检组(16.36% vs. 6.06%,P<0.01)。最常见的3种感染型别为HPV52(18.83%)、HPV58(13.85%)和HPV16(11.28%)。单一感染最常见,占79.19%;二重感染占15.93%,三重及以上感染占4.88%。年龄分布显示,≤30岁(15.06%)和61~70岁(13.19%)人群感染率较高,≥71岁组最低(8.09%)。年轻女性(≤30岁)中多重感染比例更高(31.72%)。结论 研究结果为该地区宫颈癌的筛查策略、疫苗接种推广及个体化预防提供了重要依据。

关键词: 乳头状瘤病毒科, 宫颈肿瘤, 流行病学, 乳头状瘤病毒疫苗, 基因型, 人乳头瘤病毒, 中关村地区, 多重感染

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing, and to evaluate the infection rates and genotype distribution between different populations and age groups. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on HPV genotyping results of 13,105 women who visited the gynecology outpatient department or underwent routine health check-ups at Zhongguancun Hospital from March 2019 to April 2024. High-risk HPV genotypes (15 types) were detected using a fluorescence PCR assay. Positive cases were classified as single, dual or multiple (≥3) infections based on the number of genotypes. Subjects were stratified into six age groups (≤30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, and ≥71 years), and the characteristics of infection by type and age group were analyzed. Results The overall HPV positivity rate was 10.78% (1,413/13,105), with a significantly higher rate in the outpatient group than that in the health check-up group (16.36% vs. 6.06%, P<0.01). The three most prevalent genotypes were HPV52 (18.83%), HPV58 (13.85%), and HPV16 (11.28%). Single infections accounted for 79.19% of cases, dual infections for 15.93% and multiple infections for 4.88%. Age distribution showed a U-shaped pattern, with higher infection rate in women aged ≤30 years (15.06%) and 61-70 years (13.19%), and the lowest rate in the ≥71 years (8.09%). Notably, women aged ≤30 years had the highest proportion of multiple infections (31.72%). Conclusion These findings provide a basis for cervical cancer screening strategies, HPV vaccination promotion and individualized prevention of cervical cancer in this region.

Key words: papillomaviridae, uterine cervical neoplasms, epidemiology, papillomavirus vaccines, genotype, human papillomavirus, Zhongguancun, multiple infections

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