天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 612-617.doi: 10.11958/20253576

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

自发性门体分流对乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期患者预后的影响及预测模型构建

焦宇兵(), 雷晓娟, 郭武华()   

  1. 福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院肝病与血管病介入科 (邮编350015)
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 修回日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-15
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:guowuhua@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:焦宇兵(1989),男,主治医师,主要从事肝脏疾病的介入微创治疗方面研究。E-mail:Jyb198913@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2022J011286)

Impact and prediction model construction of spontaneous portosystemic shunts on the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis

JIAO Yubing(), LEI Xiaojuan, GUO Wuhua()   

  1. Department of Interventional Radiology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350015, China
  • Received:2025-12-11 Revised:2026-03-16 Published:2026-06-15 Online:2026-06-15
  • Contact: E-mail:guowuhua@aliyun.com

摘要:

目的 探讨自发性门体分流(SPSS)对乙型肝炎肝硬化失代偿期(HBV-DC)患者预后的影响,基于SPSS分流道总横截面积(TSA)构建预后列线图模型并评估其预测价值。方法 根据腹部CT测量的TSA将641例HBV-DC患者分为无SPSS组169例、小型SPSS组(TSA<83 mm2)343例和大型SPSS组(TSA≥83 mm2)129例。比较3组一般资料、肝硬化并发症及预后,应用Cox比例风险模型筛选HBV-DC患者死亡的独立危险因素,构建列线图模型并进行验证,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)比较该模型与传统预后模型的预测价值。结果 与无SPSS组比较,小型SPSS组和大型SPSS组血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)水平降低,国际标准化比值(INR)、血肌酐水平升高,门静脉血栓和食管胃静脉曲张破裂出血(EGVB)发生率升高(P<0.05);与小型SPSS组比较,大型SPSS组PLT水平、中-大量腹水发生率降低,INR、终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分升高,门静脉血栓和肝性脑病发生率升高(P<0.05)。无SPSS组、小型SPSS组和大型SPSS组累积总生存率呈依次下降趋势(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,高龄、Hb降低,总胆红素(TBil)、INR、TSA增加,有大量腹水和肝性脑病是患者死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05);据此构建的列线图模型C指数为0.711(95%CI:0.639~0.783),校准曲线显示模型具有较好的校准能力,决策曲线分析显示模型具有良好的正向净收益。6、12及24个月ROC曲线分析结果显示,列线图模型的预测价值均优于Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分、MELD评分及白蛋白-胆红素(ALBI)评分(P<0.05)。结论 TSA增加是HBV-DC患者死亡的独立危险因素,建立的预测模型对评估患者预后有较好的价值。

关键词: 乙型肝炎, 肝硬化, 预后, 列线图, 自发性门体分流

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the impact of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) on the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DC), and to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram model based on the total cross-sectional SPSS area (TSA). Methods A total of 641 patients with HBV-DC were divided into three groups according to TSA measured by abdominal computed tomography: the non-SPSS group (n=169), the small-SPSS group (TSA<83 mm2, n=343) and the large-SPSS group (TSA≥83 mm2, n=129). General data, cirrhosis-related complications and prognosis were compared between the three groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to identify independent risk factors for death in patients with HBV-DC, and a prognostic nomogram model was constructed and validated. The predictive performance of this model was compared with that of traditional prognostic models by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results Compared with the non-SPSS group, there were lower levels of hemoglobin (Hb) and platelet counts (PLT), higher levels of international normalized ratio (INR), serum creatinine, higher incidence of portal vein thrombosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) in the small-SPSS group and the large-SPSS group (P<0.05). Compared with the small-SPSS group, there were lower levels of PLT and incidence of moderate-to-massive ascites, and higher levels of INR and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, higher incidence of portal vein thrombosis and hepatic encephalopathy in the large-SPSS group (P<0.05). The cumulative overall survival rates decreased gradually in the non-SPSS group, the small-SPSS group and the large-SPSS groups (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that advanced age, decreased hemoglobin, increased total bilirubin (TBil), INR and TSA, presence of massive ascites and hepatic encephalopathy were independent risk factors for death in patients (P<0.05). The nomogram model constructed based on aforementioned factors had a C-index of 0.711 (95%CI:0.639-0.783). The calibration curve showed that the model had a relatively high degree of calibration, and decision curve analysis indicated that the model had a clear positive net benefit. ROC curve analysis at 6, 12 and 24 months showed that the predictive value of the nomogram model was significantly superior to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, MELD score and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score (P<0.05). Conclusion Increased TSA is an independent risk factor for death in patients with HBV-DC, and the established predictive model has a high value in evaluating the prognosis of patients.

Key words: hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, prognosis, nomograms, spontaneous portosystemic shunts

中图分类号: