
天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 395-401.doi: 10.11958/20252300
郭丽华1(
), 滕丹1, 陈亚东1, 贾小玲1, 宋艳丽2△(
)
收稿日期:2025-07-01
修回日期:2025-11-11
出版日期:2026-04-15
发布日期:2026-04-14
通讯作者:
△E-mail:作者简介:郭丽华(1973),女,副主任医师,主要从事中西医结合治疗不孕症及复发性流产方面研究。E-mail:基金资助:
GUO Lihua1(
), TENG Dan1, CHEN Yadong1, JIA Xiaoling1, SONG Yanli2△(
)
Received:2025-07-01
Revised:2025-11-11
Published:2026-04-15
Online:2026-04-14
Contact:
△E-mail:郭丽华, 滕丹, 陈亚东, 贾小玲, 宋艳丽. 通管汤保留灌肠联合热敏灸治疗气滞血瘀型输卵管性不孕症的临床疗效[J]. 天津医药, 2026, 54(4): 395-401.
GUO Lihua, TENG Dan, CHEN Yadong, JIA Xiaoling, SONG Yanli. Clinical efficacy of Tongguan decoction retention enema combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion in the treatment of qi-stagnation and blood-stasis type tubal factor infertility[J]. Tianjin Medical Journal, 2026, 54(4): 395-401.
摘要:
目的 探讨通管汤保留灌肠联合热敏灸对气滞血瘀型输卵管性不孕症(TFI)患者炎性因子水平、子宫输卵管造影(HSG)再通率及自然妊娠率的影响。方法 选择气滞血瘀型TFI患者170例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为手术组(85例)和联合组(85例)。所有患者均为输卵管近端阻塞性病变,予以宫腔镜输卵管插管疏通术。联合组在术后加用通管汤保留灌肠联合热敏灸干预,治疗3个月经周期。比较2组患者干预前后中医证候积分、宫腔液炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平的变化,并统计HSG再通率、自然妊娠率、异位妊娠率和并发症发生率。结果 干预后,2组患者各项中医证候(少腹刺痛、经血瘀滞、胁乳胀痛、腰骶酸胀、情志不舒、经行不畅)积分及炎性因子(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)水平均较干预前降低,且联合组均低于手术组(P<0.05)。干预后,联合组的HSG再通率和自然妊娠率均高于手术组(P<0.05),2组异位妊娠率和并发症总发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在宫腔镜输卵管插管疏通术基础上联合应用通管汤保留灌肠与热敏灸,可显著改善气滞血瘀型TFI患者的中医证候,降低炎性因子水平,并提高HSG再通率和自然妊娠率。
中图分类号:
| 组别 | 年龄/ 岁 | 体质量 指数/(kg/m2) | 不孕 年限/年 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 手术组 | 30.00(28.00,33.00) | 22.52±2.77 | 3.00(3.00,4.00) |
| 联合组 | 30.00(27.00,32.50) | 22.80±2.58 | 4.00(3.00,4.00) |
| Z或t | 1.241 | 0.674 | 1.446 |
| 组别 | 初潮年龄/岁 | 月经周期/d | |
| 手术组 | 13.00(12.00,14.00) | 29.00(26.00,31.00) | |
| 联合组 | 13.00(12.00,14.00) | 29.00(27.00,31.00) | |
| Z | 1.469 | 1.153 | |
| 组别 | 经期/d | 输卵管阻塞情况 (单侧/双侧) | 阻塞位置 (间质部/峡部) |
| 手术组 | 5.00(4.00,6.00) | 62/23 | 38/47 |
| 联合组 | 5.00(4.00,6.00) | 60/25 | 35/50 |
| Z或χ2 | 0.636 | 0.116 | 0.216 |
表1 2组患者基线资料比较 (n=85)
Tab.1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between the two groups of patients
| 组别 | 年龄/ 岁 | 体质量 指数/(kg/m2) | 不孕 年限/年 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 手术组 | 30.00(28.00,33.00) | 22.52±2.77 | 3.00(3.00,4.00) |
| 联合组 | 30.00(27.00,32.50) | 22.80±2.58 | 4.00(3.00,4.00) |
| Z或t | 1.241 | 0.674 | 1.446 |
| 组别 | 初潮年龄/岁 | 月经周期/d | |
| 手术组 | 13.00(12.00,14.00) | 29.00(26.00,31.00) | |
| 联合组 | 13.00(12.00,14.00) | 29.00(27.00,31.00) | |
| Z | 1.469 | 1.153 | |
| 组别 | 经期/d | 输卵管阻塞情况 (单侧/双侧) | 阻塞位置 (间质部/峡部) |
| 手术组 | 5.00(4.00,6.00) | 62/23 | 38/47 |
| 联合组 | 5.00(4.00,6.00) | 60/25 | 35/50 |
| Z或χ2 | 0.636 | 0.116 | 0.216 |
| 组别 | n | 少腹刺痛 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 82 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.844* | |||
| 联合组 | 78 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 0.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.508* | |||
| Z | 0.214 | 7.227* | |||||
| 组别 | 经血瘀滞 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,3.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.236* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.307* | ||||
| Z | 0.620 | 6.055* | |||||
| 组别 | 胁乳胀痛 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.142* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.401* | ||||
| Z | 0.807 | 5.625* | |||||
| 组别 | 腰骶酸胀 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.653* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 10.720* | ||||
| Z | 0.115 | 4.611* | |||||
| 组别 | 情志不舒 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,3.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 9.521* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.595* | ||||
| Z | 0.770 | 5.398* | |||||
| 组别 | 经行不畅 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.995* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.548* | ||||
| Z | 0.280 | 4.333* | |||||
表2 2组患者中医证候积分比较 [分,M(P25,P75)]
Tab.2 Comparison of TCM syndrome scores between two groups of patients
| 组别 | n | 少腹刺痛 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 82 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.844* | |||
| 联合组 | 78 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 0.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.508* | |||
| Z | 0.214 | 7.227* | |||||
| 组别 | 经血瘀滞 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,3.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.236* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.307* | ||||
| Z | 0.620 | 6.055* | |||||
| 组别 | 胁乳胀痛 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.142* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 11.401* | ||||
| Z | 0.807 | 5.625* | |||||
| 组别 | 腰骶酸胀 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.653* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 10.720* | ||||
| Z | 0.115 | 4.611* | |||||
| 组别 | 情志不舒 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,3.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 9.521* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.595* | ||||
| Z | 0.770 | 5.398* | |||||
| 组别 | 经行不畅 | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | Z | |||||
| 手术组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 10.995* | ||||
| 联合组 | 2.00(2.00,2.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 11.548* | ||||
| Z | 0.280 | 4.333* | |||||
| 组别 | n | IL-6 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 82 | 35.12±4.68 | 22.50±3.80 | 18.959* | |||
| 联合组 | 78 | 36.09±5.35 | 13.44±3.48 | 31.345* | |||
| t | 1.228 | 15.707* | |||||
| 组别 | IL-1β | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 18.44±3.61 | 12.37±2.98 | 11.750* | ||||
| 联合组 | 18.12±3.47 | 9.54±2.04 | 18.842* | ||||
| t | 0.565 | 6.977* | |||||
| 组别 | TNF-α | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 50.25±7.86 | 34.27±6.20 | 14.453* | ||||
| 联合组 | 49.33±9.09 | 22.06±5.37 | 22.803* | ||||
| t | 0.685 | 13.289* | |||||
表3 2组患者宫腔液炎性因子水平比较 (ng/L,$\bar{x}±s$)
Tab.3 Comparison of inflammatory factor levels in uterine cavity fluid between two groups of patients
| 组别 | n | IL-6 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 82 | 35.12±4.68 | 22.50±3.80 | 18.959* | |||
| 联合组 | 78 | 36.09±5.35 | 13.44±3.48 | 31.345* | |||
| t | 1.228 | 15.707* | |||||
| 组别 | IL-1β | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 18.44±3.61 | 12.37±2.98 | 11.750* | ||||
| 联合组 | 18.12±3.47 | 9.54±2.04 | 18.842* | ||||
| t | 0.565 | 6.977* | |||||
| 组别 | TNF-α | ||||||
| 干预前 | 干预后 | t | |||||
| 手术组 | 50.25±7.86 | 34.27±6.20 | 14.453* | ||||
| 联合组 | 49.33±9.09 | 22.06±5.37 | 22.803* | ||||
| t | 0.685 | 13.289* | |||||
| 组别 | n | HSG再通 | 自然妊娠 | 异位妊娠 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 手术组 | 82 | 53(64.63) | 28(34.15) | 3(3.66) |
| 联合组 | 78 | 66(84.62) | 41(52.56) | 1(1.28) |
| χ2 | 8.374* | 5.529* | 0.208 |
表4 2组患者HSG再通率、自然妊娠率和异位妊娠率比较 [例(%)]
Tab.4 Comparison of HSG recanalization rate, natural pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate between two groups of patients
| 组别 | n | HSG再通 | 自然妊娠 | 异位妊娠 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 手术组 | 82 | 53(64.63) | 28(34.15) | 3(3.66) |
| 联合组 | 78 | 66(84.62) | 41(52.56) | 1(1.28) |
| χ2 | 8.374* | 5.529* | 0.208 |
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