关键词: 脑炎, 预后, 自身免疫性脑炎, 临床特点, 治疗

Abstract: Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, treatment methods and prognosis of patients admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 6 AE patients in this study, one of them was diagnosed as anti-N methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, two were anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis, and 3 were autoimmune perpheral encephalitis with antibody-negative. The main clinical manifestations were seizure (6/6), decreased consciousness (5/6), cognitive impairment in the decline of memory (4/6) and mental and behavioral abnormalities (3 / 6). All of them (6 / 6) had abnormal brain MRI signals, mainly with the involvement of the marginal system. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was characterized by diffuse slow wave rhythm, especially in temporal lobe (3/6). Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed the increased lactate dehydrogenase (4 / 6). Five patients received glucocorticoid therapy, three received intravenous immunoglobulin. All patients were improved and discharged, but all were left with epilepsy. Conclusion In patients with major clinical manifestations of epileptic seizures with decreased consciousness, cognitive dysfunction and mental and behavioral abnormalities, the possibility of AE should be vigilant. It is suggested that the use of glucocorticoid and intravenous immunoglobulin protein in the acute stage of AE for impact therapy, and should pay attention to control the seizures.

Key words: encephalitis, prognosis, autoimmune encephalitis, clinical features, treatment