Abstract: After the trauma brain injury occurs, the immediate neurologic damage is produced by the traumatic forces.
This primary injury triggers a secondary wave of biochemical cascades together with metabolic and cellular changes, called
secondary neural injury. The neuroinflammatory response following traumatic brain injury is known to be a key injury factor
that can drive ongoing neuronal injury.Neuroinflammation involves cellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms including
the activation of glia (microglia and astrocytes), the releasing of inflammatory mediators within the brain, and the subsequent
recruitment of peripheral immune cells. Understanding the recent progress of inflammatory pathophysiology in TBI is crucial
for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.