Abstract: [Abstract] Objective   To explore the efficacy and clinical value of the 131I combined with lithium carbonate in the treatment of Graves’ disease with leucocytopenia. Methods   348 patients were randomly divided into two groups.178 patients of the experimental group were treated with131I plus lithium carbonate; 170 patients of the control group were only treated with 131I .The data of recovery rate, effective rate, thyroid 131I uptake rate, the level of thyroid hormone (free triiodothyronine, FT3 and free thyroxine , FT4）and peripheral blood leukocyte were analyzed retrospectively. Results   The recovery rate of the experimental group（87.6%） is significantly higher than the control group（71.8%）. But the effective rate of the experimental group（97.8%） is not significantly higher than the control group（94.1%）.The rate of 131I uptake 24h in the experimental group （69.75±6.79）are higher than that in the control group （44.27±3.27）after the treatment of lithium carbonate .The level of thyroid hormone(FT3, FT4) in the experimental group are significantly lower than that before treatment after 2 weeks, 1 months. However, the level of thyroid hormone (FT3, FT4) in the control group are higher than that before treatment after 2 weeks and begin to decrease after 1 month. The treatment of experimental group contribute to improve the level of peripheral blood leukocyte faster. The level of peripheral blood leukocyte was significantly higher than that before treatment after 3 months （P＜0.01）.Conclusion   The treatment of lithium carbonate combined with 131I for Graves' disease with leukopenia is safe and effective.

Key words: Graves’ disease, Leukopenia, Lithium carbonate, iodine, triiodothyronine, thyroxine