Abstract: Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the main cause of chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent studies have shown that the negative regulating virus-specific reactive T-cell of programmed death-1(PD-1) is a decisive factor of HBV and HCV hepatitis virus persistent infection so that is play an important role in chronic viral (HBV and HCV) hepatitis. Here is a reviewe about the recent researches on the programmed death-1(PD-1) in chronic viral(HBV and HCV) hepatitis.

Key words: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, programmed death-1(PD-1)