Abstract: Objective　To explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of heme oxygenase-1 on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Methods　Twenty-eight healthy BALB/C female mice were randomly divided into four groups: asthma group, fludostame group, hemin group and control group. Asthma group, fludostame group and hemin group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of 20 μg ova + 500 μg Al (OH) 3 + 0.2 mL PBS at the day 1, 14, and ovalbumin was also given by aerosol inhalation, once a day from the day 25 to 28 to build the model of asthma mice by stimulating airway hyper responsiveness. The control group was replaced by the same amount of normal saline, and hemin group was injected intraperitoneally 75 μmol/kg of hemin at the day 1, 2 before sensitization, the 12, 13, 23, 24 and 27 after sensitization. Fludostame group was given fludostame (200 mg/kg) by gavage at the day 25, 26 and 27 before sensitization. 24 hours after sensitization. Samples of blood and lung tissue were collected. The morphological changes of lung tissues were observed by HE staining. The expression of MUC5AC in lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. The levels of MUC5AC in lung tissue and IL-25 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between MUC5AC and IL-25 was analyzed. Results　A large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, tracheal mucosal thickening and submucosal edema were observed in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. A small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and exudation were observed in hemin group and fudosteine group, and the pathological changes were less severe than those in asthma group. Compared with control group, the expression levels of MUC5AC and IL-25 were significantly increased in asthma group, hemin group and fudosten group (P＜0.05). Compared with asthma group, MUC5AC and IL-25 expression levels were significantly decreased in hemin group and fudosteine group (P＜0.05), and the reduction was more significant in the hemin group than in the fudosteine group. The expression levels of MUC5AC and IL-25 were positively correlated (r=0.932, P＜0.01). Conclusion　HO-1 can down regulate the expression levels of MUC5AC and IL-25 in asthmatic mice, reduce airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion.