外泌体环状RNA在胃癌中作用机制的研究进展

doi:10.11958/20240059

天津医药 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 1110-1115.doi: 10.11958/20240059

外泌体环状RNA在胃癌中作用机制的研究进展

姚和¹(), 林艳丽², 崔雨萌², 阎新龙¹^,^△()

1 北京工业大学化学与生命科学学院（邮编100124）
2 军事科学院军事医学研究院

收稿日期:2024-01-08 修回日期:2024-01-31 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-14
通讯作者: △ E-mail：yxlong2000@126.com
作者简介:姚和（1998），女，硕士在读，主要从事分子生物学方面研究。E-mail：1526052117@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFC3600100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(82173183)

Research progress on the role and mechanism of exosomal circRNA in gastric cancer

YAO He¹(), LIN Yanli², CUI Yumeng², YAN Xinlong¹^,^△()

1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2 Military Medical Research Institute of the Academy of Military Sciences

Received:2024-01-08 Revised:2024-01-31 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-14
Contact: △ E-mail：yxlong2000@126.com

姚和, 林艳丽, 崔雨萌, 阎新龙. 外泌体环状RNA在胃癌中作用机制的研究进展[J]. 天津医药, 2024, 52(10): 1110-1115.

YAO He, LIN Yanli, CUI Yumeng, YAN Xinlong. Research progress on the role and mechanism of exosomal circRNA in gastric cancer[J]. Tianjin Medical Journal, 2024, 52(10): 1110-1115.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

胃癌是世界上高发且病死率较高的肿瘤之一，诊断时的临床分期与患者的预后息息相关，寻找灵敏的诊断标志物以提高早期诊断准确率便成为十分迫切的议题。外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的纳米级胞外囊泡，通过在肿瘤微环境中转运生物活性物质，从而在细胞通讯中发挥重要作用。环状RNA是一类具有特定结构的非编码RNA，由于不易降解得以富集在外泌体中并参与到其介导的各种病理生理过程。外泌体环状RNA可以影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭、转移及耐药等过程，在临床上具有比常规诊断标志物更显著的优势，可能成为诊断胃癌潜在的生物标志物。该文分别介绍了外泌体和环状RNA的特征、形成机制及在胃癌中的作用，详细论述了外泌体来源的环状RNA在胃癌发生发展中的作用，讨论了其在胃癌诊断与治疗中潜在的临床应用价值和面临的挑战。

关键词: 胃肿瘤, 外泌体, RNA, 环状, 生物标志物

Abstract:

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and high mortality tumors in the world, and the clinical staging during diagnosis is closely related to the prognosis of patients. Therefore, finding sensitive diagnostic biomarkers to improve the early diagnosis rate has become an urgent issue. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, which play an important role in cellular communication by transporting bioactive substances in tumor microenvironment (TME). CircRNA is a type of non-coding RNA with a specific structure. Because it is difficulty in degradation, it can be enriched in extracellular vesicles and participate in various pathophysiological processes mediated by it. Exo-circRNA can affect the proliferation, invasion, drug resistance and tissue metastasis of tumor cells, and has more significant diagnostic specificity than conventional diagnostic biomarkers in clinical practice. It may become a supplement to biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of GC. This article briefly introduces the characteristics, formation mechanism and role of extracellular vesicles and circRNA in GC. It discusses in detail the role of exo-circRNA in the occurrence and development of GC, and discusses their potential clinical application value and challenges in GC.

Key words: stomach neoplasms, exosome, RNA, circular, biomarkers

中图分类号:

R735.2

图/表 1

参考文献 43

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名称	生物学功能	机制	表达水平
circ_0079439^[18]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）	未知	下调
circNFATC3^[23]	增殖（+）	结合IGF2BP3蛋白抑制其泛素化	上调
CM-248aa^[24]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）	靶向SET-PP2A蛋白抑制胃癌进展	下调
circ_0088300^[29]	增殖（+）	结合miR-1305调节JAK/STAT信号传导途径	上调
circSHKBP1^[30]	增殖（+）、迁移（+）、侵袭（+）、淋巴转移、血管生成	靶向miR-582-3p/HuR/VEGF轴	上调
circRanGAP1^[31]	增殖（+）、迁移（+）、侵袭（+）、肺转移	靶向miR-877-3p-VEGFA轴	上调
circUBE2Q2^[32]	腹膜转移	靶向miR-370-3p-STAT3轴	上调
circRELLl^[33]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）、侵袭（-）	结合miR-637、下调EPHB3蛋白激活自噬	下调
circNRIP1^[34]	转移（+）	靶向AKT/mTOR轴	上调
circ_0001789^[35]	增殖（+）、血管生成	靶向miR-140-3p/PAK2轴增加VEGF-A蛋白的表达	上调
circTMEM181^[36]	PD-1抗性	诱导巨噬细胞CD39蛋白表达增强	上调
circ_0008253^[37]	OXA抗性	未知	上调
circPRRXl^[38]	ADR抗性	靶向miR-3064-5p和PTPN14基因	上调
circ-LDLRAD3^[39]	DDP抗性、增殖（+）、侵袭（+）	靶向miR-58832-SOX5轴	上调
ciRs-133^[40]	促进脂肪细胞分化	激活miR-133-PRDM16轴	上调

名称	生物学功能	机制	表达水平
circ_0079439^[18]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）	未知	下调
circNFATC3^[23]	增殖（+）	结合IGF2BP3蛋白抑制其泛素化	上调
CM-248aa^[24]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）	靶向SET-PP2A蛋白抑制胃癌进展	下调
circ_0088300^[29]	增殖（+）	结合miR-1305调节JAK/STAT信号传导途径	上调
circSHKBP1^[30]	增殖（+）、迁移（+）、侵袭（+）、淋巴转移、血管生成	靶向miR-582-3p/HuR/VEGF轴	上调
circRanGAP1^[31]	增殖（+）、迁移（+）、侵袭（+）、肺转移	靶向miR-877-3p-VEGFA轴	上调
circUBE2Q2^[32]	腹膜转移	靶向miR-370-3p-STAT3轴	上调
circRELLl^[33]	增殖（-）、迁移（-）、侵袭（-）	结合miR-637、下调EPHB3蛋白激活自噬	下调
circNRIP1^[34]	转移（+）	靶向AKT/mTOR轴	上调
circ_0001789^[35]	增殖（+）、血管生成	靶向miR-140-3p/PAK2轴增加VEGF-A蛋白的表达	上调
circTMEM181^[36]	PD-1抗性	诱导巨噬细胞CD39蛋白表达增强	上调
circ_0008253^[37]	OXA抗性	未知	上调
circPRRXl^[38]	ADR抗性	靶向miR-3064-5p和PTPN14基因	上调
circ-LDLRAD3^[39]	DDP抗性、增殖（+）、侵袭（+）	靶向miR-58832-SOX5轴	上调
ciRs-133^[40]	促进脂肪细胞分化	激活miR-133-PRDM16轴	上调

外泌体环状RNA在胃癌中作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on the role and mechanism of exosomal circRNA in gastric cancer

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