天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 648-653.doi: 10.11958/20250587

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年下肢骨折患者术后发生急性心脑血管意外的影响因素分析

李婉婷1(), 刘弘扬2, 桑婧2, 阮育凤1, 徐丽1, 李冬梅2,()   

  1. 1 唐山市第二医院关节科(邮编063000)
    2 唐山市第二医院老年骨科(邮编063000)
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-16 修回日期:2025-04-16 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: lidongmei_2024@163.com E-mail:liwantingacc@163.com;lidongmei_2024@163.com
  • 作者简介:李婉婷(1986),女,主治医师,主要从事骨科相关疾病的研究。E-mail:liwantingacc@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学课题研究计划(20221737)

Analysis of influencing factors of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents after surgery in elderly patients with lower extremity fracture

LI Wanting1(), LIU Hongyang2, SANG Jing2, RUAN Yufeng1, XU Li1, LI Dongmei2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Hospital of Tangshan, Tangshan 063000, China
    2 Department of Geriatric Orthopedics, the Second Hospital of Tangshan, Tangshan 063000, China
  • Received:2025-02-16 Revised:2025-04-16 Published:2025-06-15 Online:2025-06-20
  • Contact: E-mail: lidongmei_2024@163.com E-mail:liwantingacc@163.com;lidongmei_2024@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析老年下肢骨折患者并发急性心脑血管意外的危险因素,并构建风险预测列线图模型。方法 回顾性分析510例老年下肢骨折患者的临床资料,根据患者术后住院期间急性心脑血管意外的发生情况分为发生组和未发生组。利用Logistic回归分析影响老年下肢骨折患者并发急性心脑血管意外的危险因素,构建风险预测列线图模型,并进行模型验证。结果 510例患者中住院期间发生急性心脑血管意外者52例(10.20%)。发生组年龄、ASA Ⅲ级、术前合并心脑血管疾病、术后肺炎及术后卧床时间≥5 d比例均大于未发生组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄、ASAⅢ级、术前合并心脑血管疾病、术后肺炎是影响老年下肢骨折患者发生急性心脑血管意外的危险因素(P<0.05)。将上述危险因素作为预测变量构建急性心脑血管意外的风险预警列线图模型,总分值范围103~168分,对应风险范围0.1~0.9。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线结果显示,该模型预测急性心脑血管意外的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.980(95%CI:0.964~1.000),绘制决策曲线(DCA)显示,在风险阈值0.2~0.6时,该列线图预测模型具有较好的临床优势。结论 据危险因素构建的风险列线图模型对老年下肢骨折患者发生急性心血管意外具有良好的预测价值。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 脑血管障碍, 骨折, 列线图, 老年人

Abstract:

Objective To analyze risk factors of acute cardio-cerebrovascular accidents in elderly patients with lower extremity fracture, and to construct a risk prediction diagram model. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 510 elderly patients with lower extremity fractures, and the patients were divided into the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group based on the occurrence of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents during the postoperative hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors affecting acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents in elderly patients with lower extremity fracture, and the risk prediction model was constructed and verified. Results A total of 52 cases of acute cardio-cerebrovascular accidents occurred during hospitalization in 510 patients (10.20%). Age, ASA grade Ⅲ ratio, preoperative concurrent cerebrovascular disease, postoperative pneumonia ratio and postoperative bed time ≥ 5 days ratio were higher in the occurrence group than those in the non-occurrence group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, ASA grade Ⅲ, preoperative concurrent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and postoperative pneumonia were risk factors for acute cardio-cerebrovascular accidents in elderly patients with lower limb fracture (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen risk factors as predictive variables to build a risk early warning histogram model for acute cardio-cerebrovascular accidents. The total score ranged from 103 to 168 points, corresponding to a risk range of 0.1 to 0.9 points. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of this model for predicting acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents was 0.980 (95%CI: 0.964-1.000), and discrete choice approach (DCA) showed that when the risk threshold was 0.2-0.6, the prediction model of this column graph had a good clinical advantage. Conclusion The risk diagram model constructed based on risk factors has good predictive value for the occurrence of acute cardio-cerebrovascular accidents after lower extremity fracture in elderly patients.

Key words: cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disorders, fracture, nomogram, aged

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