天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 770-775.doi: 10.11958/20250926

• 药物临床观察 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同溶栓方案治疗不同特征超早期急性脑梗死的效果分析

张瀚文1(), 李强1,(), 杨雪莲1, 杨化兰2, 江梅1, 黄澍1   

  1. 1 上海市浦东新区公利医院神经内科(邮编200135)
    2 上海市浦东医院神经内科(邮编200135)
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06 修回日期:2025-04-23 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-21
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:lqsmmu@126.com
  • 作者简介:张瀚文(1988),女,主治医师,主要从事脑血管病方面研究。E-mail:zhanghanwen1988@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市浦东新区卫健委领先人才项目(PWR12023-05);上海市浦东新区卫健委面上项目(PW2022A-12)

Curative effect of different thrombolytic regimens on patients with ultra-early acute cerebral infarction of different characteristics

ZHANG Hanwen1(), LI Qiang1,(), YANG Xuelian1, YANG Hualan2, JIANG Mei1, HUANG Shu1   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China
    2 Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China
  • Received:2025-03-06 Revised:2025-04-23 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-21
  • Contact: E-mail:lqsmmu@126.com

摘要:

目的 探讨2种不同溶栓方案对不同年龄段和不同溶栓时间窗超早期急性脑梗死(ACI)患者的治疗效果。方法 选取ACI患者166例,发病至就诊时间≤4.5 h。根据不同溶栓方案将患者分为重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)组(104例,0.9 mg/kg rt-PA静脉溶栓)、替奈普酶(TNK)组(62例,0.25 mg/kg TNK静脉溶栓),依据不同年龄段、溶栓时间窗分别将患者分为高龄(≥70岁)、低龄(<70岁)亚组和短时间窗(<3 h)、长时间窗(3~4.5 h)亚组。溶栓后,采用析因分析方法比较不同年龄段亚组、溶栓时间窗亚组实验室指标[中性粒细胞(NEU)和淋巴细胞(LYM)]水平、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分及不良事件发生情况。结果 rt-PA组与TNK组整体比较各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而溶栓后7 d,低龄患者较高龄患者NIHSS评分、NEU、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平更低,LYM、白蛋白(ALB)水平更高(P<0.05);短时间窗患者较长时间窗患者NEU、NLR水平更低,LYM水平更高(P<0.05)。不同年龄段组间、不同溶栓时间窗组间溶栓14 d内不良事件总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 对于超早期 ACI 患者,0.9 mg/kg rt-PA 与 0.25 mg/kg TNK 静脉溶栓效果相当,且均在年龄< 70 岁、溶栓时间窗< 3 h 时效果更佳。

关键词: 脑梗死, 急性病, 纤维蛋白溶解药, 年龄因素, 时间因素, 影响因素分析, 重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂, 替奈普酶

Abstract:

Objective To explore curative effect of two thrombolytic regimens in the treatment of ultra-early acute cerebral infarction (ACI) of different age groups and different thrombolytic time windows. Methods A total of 166 patients with ACI were enrolled, with interval from onset to treatment ≤4.5 h. According to different thrombolytic regiments, patients were divided into the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) group (104 cases, intravenous thrombolysis with 0.9 mg/kg rt-PA) and the tenecteplase (TNK) group (62 cases, intravenous thrombolysis with 0.25 mg/kg TNK). According to different age groups and different thrombolytic time windows, patients were divided into the high age group (≥70 years), the low age group (< 70 years), the short time window group (< 3 h) and the long time window group (3-4.5 h). After thrombolysis, laboratory indexes [neutrophil (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM)], scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin scale (mRS) and incidence of adverse events were compared in different groups by factorial analysis method. Results There was no significant difference in any index between the rt-PA group and the TNK group (P>0.05). Compared with the high age group at 7 d after thrombolysis, NIHSS score, NEU, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were lower, while LYM and albumin (ALB) were higher in the low age group (P<0.05). Compared with the long time window group, NEU and NLR were lower, while LYM was higher in the short time window group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in total incidence of adverse events within 14 d of thrombolysis between the different age groups and the different thrombolytic time window groups (P>0.05). Conclusion For patients with ultra-early ACI, 0.9 mg/kg rt-PA and 0.25 mg/kg TNK have comparable efficacy in intravenous thrombolysis, and both have better effects when patient age is<70 years old and the thrombolysis time window is<3 hours.

Key words: cerebral infarction, acute disease, fibrinolytic agents, age factors, time factors, root cause analysis, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, tenecteplase

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