乙醛脱氢酶2基因多态性在冠心病中的研究进展

doi:10.11958/20252288

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

冠心病（CHD）的本质是冠状动脉壁发生脂质沉积并形成粥样斑块，导致血管腔狭窄或阻塞，从而引发心肌缺血、缺氧甚至坏死的心脏疾病，属于心内科常见临床疾病之一。目前已知的危险因素仅能部分解释CHD的发病风险，尚有其他重要机制参与其发生发展。乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）作为一种线粒体关键代谢酶，在人体多种组织中广泛表达，其活性显著受基因多态性调控，尤其在CHD和心力衰竭等心血管疾病中表现出保护作用。CHD的发病机制涉及多因素交互作用，其发生发展涉及遗传易感性与环境危险因素的交互作用，但ALDH2在其中发挥作用的具体机制尚未明确。该文综述了ALDH2基因多态性与CHD发生发展之间的潜在分子机制，以期为CHD的防治提供理论参考。

关键词: 冠心病, 乙醇, 多态现象, 遗传, 乙醛脱氢酶2

Abstract:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a common clinical condition in cardiology, characterized by atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries leading to luminal stenosis or occlusion, which subsequently causes myocardial ischemia, hypoxia and even necrosis. Known risk factors only partially account for the pathogenesis of CHD, suggesting the involvement of other critical pathogenic mechanisms. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), as a key mitochondrial metabolic enzyme, is widely expressed in various tissues of human body. Its activity is significantly regulated by gene polymorphisms, especially demonstrating protective effects in cardiovascular diseases including heart failure and CHD. The pathogenesis of CHD involves the interaction of multiple factors, and its occurrence and development involve the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental risk factors. However, the specific mechanism by which ALDH2 plays a role in this has not yet been clarified. This review summarizes the potential molecular mechanisms between ALDH2 gene polymorphisms and the onset and progression of CHD, aiming to provide theoretical references for the prevention and treatment of CHD.

Key words: coronary heart disease, ethanol, polymorphism, genetic, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2

中图分类号:

R541.4

参考文献 42

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