
天津医药 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 1202-1206.doi: 10.11958/20240522
收稿日期:2024-04-28
修回日期:2024-07-26
出版日期:2024-11-15
发布日期:2024-11-12
通讯作者:
△E-mail:wby1023@126.com
作者简介:顾芸芸(1983),女,副主任技师,主要从事临床生物化学方面研究。E-mail:
GU Yunyun1(
), ZHONG Chongming1, YANG Haiyan2,△(
)
Received:2024-04-28
Revised:2024-07-26
Published:2024-11-15
Online:2024-11-12
Contact:
△E-mail:wby1023@126.com
顾芸芸, 仲崇明, 杨海燕. 尿酸/白蛋白比值对慢性肾脏病患者并发冠心病的预测价值[J]. 天津医药, 2024, 52(11): 1202-1206.
GU Yunyun, ZHONG Chongming, YANG Haiyan. Predictive value of uric acid/albumin ratio for coronary heart disease in patients with chronic kidney disease[J]. Tianjin Medical Journal, 2024, 52(11): 1202-1206.
摘要:
目的 探讨慢性肾脏病(CKD)并发冠心病(CHD)患者尿酸(UA)/白蛋白(Alb)比值(UAR)的水平变化及临床意义。方法 175例CKD患者分为单纯CKD(对照)组94例和并发CHD(试验)组81例。比较2组血常规、血脂、肾功能及UAR差异。二元Logistic回归分析CKD并发CHD的影响因素。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标对CKD并发CHD的预测价值。结果 2组间白细胞计数(WBC)、单核细胞(Mon)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的差异无统计学意义。试验组中性粒细胞(Neu)、红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、UA、UAR水平高于对照组(Ρ<0.05);淋巴细胞(Lym)、红细胞计数(RBC)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板计数(PLT)、估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、Alb水平低于对照组(Ρ<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,较低水平的RBC、MCHC及较高水平的UAR是CKD并发CHD的独立危险因素。ROC曲线显示,RBC、MCHC、UAR单独检测中UAR曲线下面积(AUC)最大,为0.912(95%CI:0.870~0.953),敏感度0.901,特异度0.777,约登指数0.678,截断值10.935。三者联合检测AUC为0.987(95%CI:0.974~0.999),敏感度0.938,特异度0.979。结论 CKD患者血清UAR水平升高是预测冠心病发生的预测指标,UAR联合RBC和MCHC预测效能更高。
中图分类号:
| 组别 | n | 性别(男/女) | 年龄/岁 | BMI/(kg/m2) | 原发病因(a/b/c/d/e) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 45/49 | 48.83±15.96 | 23.23±2.60 | 26/23/17/15/13 |
| 试验组 | 81 | 50/31 | 51.94±15.70 | 23.11±2.20 | 24/20/15/12/10 |
| χ2或t | 3.366 | 1.294 | 0.333 | 0.174 |
表1 对照组与试验组基线资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of baseline data between the control group and the experimental group
| 组别 | n | 性别(男/女) | 年龄/岁 | BMI/(kg/m2) | 原发病因(a/b/c/d/e) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 45/49 | 48.83±15.96 | 23.23±2.60 | 26/23/17/15/13 |
| 试验组 | 81 | 50/31 | 51.94±15.70 | 23.11±2.20 | 24/20/15/12/10 |
| χ2或t | 3.366 | 1.294 | 0.333 | 0.174 |
| 组别 | n | WBC/(×109/L) | Neu/(×109/L) | Lym/(×109/L) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 6.12(4.88,8.15) | 3.62(2.82,5.15) | 1.82(1.36,2.34) | |||||
| 试验组 | 81 | 6.21(5.02,8.61) | 4.42(3.45,6.10) | 1.10(0.71,1.51) | |||||
| Z | 0.600 | 2.758** | 6.427** | ||||||
| 组别 | Mon/(×109/L) | RBC/(×1012/L) | MCHC/(g/L) | ||||||
| 对照组 | 0.43(0.32,0.58) | 4.35±0.73 | 335.81±10.88 | ||||||
| 试验组 | 0.42(0.30,0.62) | 3.08±0.77 | 329.58±12.93 | ||||||
| Z或t | 0.441 | 11.176** | 3.459** | ||||||
| 组别 | RDW-CV/% | PLT/(×109/L) | |||||||
| 对照组 | 12.30(12.00,13.02) | 221(188,268) | |||||||
| 试验组 | 13.50(12.55,14.95) | 179(150,230) | |||||||
| Z | 5.957** | 3.410** | |||||||
表2 对照组和试验组血液指标比较
Tab. 2 Comparison of blood indexes between the control group and the experimental group
| 组别 | n | WBC/(×109/L) | Neu/(×109/L) | Lym/(×109/L) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 6.12(4.88,8.15) | 3.62(2.82,5.15) | 1.82(1.36,2.34) | |||||
| 试验组 | 81 | 6.21(5.02,8.61) | 4.42(3.45,6.10) | 1.10(0.71,1.51) | |||||
| Z | 0.600 | 2.758** | 6.427** | ||||||
| 组别 | Mon/(×109/L) | RBC/(×1012/L) | MCHC/(g/L) | ||||||
| 对照组 | 0.43(0.32,0.58) | 4.35±0.73 | 335.81±10.88 | ||||||
| 试验组 | 0.42(0.30,0.62) | 3.08±0.77 | 329.58±12.93 | ||||||
| Z或t | 0.441 | 11.176** | 3.459** | ||||||
| 组别 | RDW-CV/% | PLT/(×109/L) | |||||||
| 对照组 | 12.30(12.00,13.02) | 221(188,268) | |||||||
| 试验组 | 13.50(12.55,14.95) | 179(150,230) | |||||||
| Z | 5.957** | 3.410** | |||||||
| 组别 | n | TC/ (mmol/L) | TG/ (mmol/L) | HDL-C/ (mmol/L) | LDL-C/ (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 4.2(3.5,4.8) | 1.5(1.1,2.0) | 1.2±0.2 | 2.4(1.9,2.8) |
| 试验组 | 81 | 4.3(3.8,5.2) | 1.4(1.0,2.0) | 1.2±0.4 | 2.5(2.1,3.0) |
| t或Z | 1.689 | 0.952 | 0.122 | 1.795 |
表3 对照组和试验组血脂指标比较
Tab.3 Comparison of blood lipid indexes between the control group and the experimental group
| 组别 | n | TC/ (mmol/L) | TG/ (mmol/L) | HDL-C/ (mmol/L) | LDL-C/ (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 4.2(3.5,4.8) | 1.5(1.1,2.0) | 1.2±0.2 | 2.4(1.9,2.8) |
| 试验组 | 81 | 4.3(3.8,5.2) | 1.4(1.0,2.0) | 1.2±0.4 | 2.5(2.1,3.0) |
| t或Z | 1.689 | 0.952 | 0.122 | 1.795 |
| 组别 | n | BUN/(mmol/L) | Cr/(μmol/L) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 15.16(13.68,16.67) | 355.85(249.75,452.30) | ||
| 试验组 | 81 | 27.00(19.02,35.41) | 478.00(336.50,711.35) | ||
| Z | 7.125** | 5.029** | |||
| 组别 | UA/(μmol/L) | eGFR/[mL/(min·1.73 m2)] | |||
| 对照组 | 364.50(291.32,391.25) | 43.87(29.80,51.47) | |||
| 试验组 | 470.00(395.50,605.50) | 23.69(15.07,32.14) | |||
| Z | 7.900** | 7.432** | |||
表4 对照组和试验组肾功能指标比较
Tab.4 Comparison of renal function indexes between the control group and the experimental group
| 组别 | n | BUN/(mmol/L) | Cr/(μmol/L) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 15.16(13.68,16.67) | 355.85(249.75,452.30) | ||
| 试验组 | 81 | 27.00(19.02,35.41) | 478.00(336.50,711.35) | ||
| Z | 7.125** | 5.029** | |||
| 组别 | UA/(μmol/L) | eGFR/[mL/(min·1.73 m2)] | |||
| 对照组 | 364.50(291.32,391.25) | 43.87(29.80,51.47) | |||
| 试验组 | 470.00(395.50,605.50) | 23.69(15.07,32.14) | |||
| Z | 7.900** | 7.432** | |||
| 组别 | n | Alb/(g/L) | UAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 36.81±5.25 | 9.24(7.89,10.84) |
| 试验组 | 81 | 30.82±4.24 | 16.07(12.17,20.07) |
| t或Z | 8.209** | 9.378** |
表5 对照组和试验组Alb、UAR水平比较$\bar{x} \pm s$
Tab.5 Comparison of Alb and UAR levels between the control group and the experimental group
| 组别 | n | Alb/(g/L) | UAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 对照组 | 94 | 36.81±5.25 | 9.24(7.89,10.84) |
| 试验组 | 81 | 30.82±4.24 | 16.07(12.17,20.07) |
| t或Z | 8.209** | 9.378** |
| 指标 | β | SE | Wald χ2 | P | OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neu | 0.331 | 0.206 | 2.573 | 0.109 | 1.392(0.929~2.085) |
| Lym | -1.254 | 0.755 | 2.759 | 0.097 | 0.285(0.065~1.253) |
| RBC | -2.896 | 1.125 | 6.626 | 0.010 | 0.055(0.006~0.501) |
| MCHC | -0.162 | 0.062 | 6.796 | 0.009 | 0.850(0.753~0.961) |
| RDW-CV | 0.313 | 0.550 | 0.324 | 0.569 | 1.367(0.465~4.017) |
| PLT | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.072 | 0.789 | 1.002(0.985~1.019) |
| BUN | 0.109 | 0.068 | 2.586 | 0.108 | 1.116(0.976~1.275) |
| Cr | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.479 | 0.489 | 1.002(0.997~1.006) |
| eGFR | -0.061 | 0.033 | 3.473 | 0.062 | 0.941(0.882~1.003) |
| Alb | -0.301 | 0.169 | 3.177 | 0.075 | 0.740(0.531~1.030) |
| UAR | 0.804 | 0.260 | 9.551 | 0.002 | 2.234(1.342~3.718) |
| 常数项 | 59.364 | 26.324 | 5.085 | 0.024 | 0.000 |
表6 CKD患者并发CHD的影响因素分析
Tab.6 Logistic analysis of influencing factors of CHD in patients with CKD
| 指标 | β | SE | Wald χ2 | P | OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neu | 0.331 | 0.206 | 2.573 | 0.109 | 1.392(0.929~2.085) |
| Lym | -1.254 | 0.755 | 2.759 | 0.097 | 0.285(0.065~1.253) |
| RBC | -2.896 | 1.125 | 6.626 | 0.010 | 0.055(0.006~0.501) |
| MCHC | -0.162 | 0.062 | 6.796 | 0.009 | 0.850(0.753~0.961) |
| RDW-CV | 0.313 | 0.550 | 0.324 | 0.569 | 1.367(0.465~4.017) |
| PLT | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.072 | 0.789 | 1.002(0.985~1.019) |
| BUN | 0.109 | 0.068 | 2.586 | 0.108 | 1.116(0.976~1.275) |
| Cr | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.479 | 0.489 | 1.002(0.997~1.006) |
| eGFR | -0.061 | 0.033 | 3.473 | 0.062 | 0.941(0.882~1.003) |
| Alb | -0.301 | 0.169 | 3.177 | 0.075 | 0.740(0.531~1.030) |
| UAR | 0.804 | 0.260 | 9.551 | 0.002 | 2.234(1.342~3.718) |
| 常数项 | 59.364 | 26.324 | 5.085 | 0.024 | 0.000 |
| 预测因子 | AUC | AUC 95%CI | 敏感度 | 特异度 | 约登指数 | 截断值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RBC | 0.882 | 0.832~0.932 | 0.809 | 0.852 | 0.661 | 3.845×1012/L |
| MCHC | 0.650 | 0.568~0.732 | 0.564 | 0.704 | 0.268 | 336.500 g/L |
| UAR | 0.912 | 0.870~0.953 | 0.901 | 0.777 | 0.678 | 10.935 |
| 三者联合 | 0.987 | 0.974~0.999 | 0.938 | 0.979 | 0.917 | — |
表7 RBC、MCHC、UAR及三者联合预测CKD发生CHD的诊断价值
Tab.7 The diagnostic value of RBC, MCHC, UAR and their combination in prediction of CHD in CKD
| 预测因子 | AUC | AUC 95%CI | 敏感度 | 特异度 | 约登指数 | 截断值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RBC | 0.882 | 0.832~0.932 | 0.809 | 0.852 | 0.661 | 3.845×1012/L |
| MCHC | 0.650 | 0.568~0.732 | 0.564 | 0.704 | 0.268 | 336.500 g/L |
| UAR | 0.912 | 0.870~0.953 | 0.901 | 0.777 | 0.678 | 10.935 |
| 三者联合 | 0.987 | 0.974~0.999 | 0.938 | 0.979 | 0.917 | — |
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