天津医药 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 1089-1094.doi: 10.11958/20240256

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童川崎病并发胸腔积液的临床特点及风险预测模型构建

杨湖1(), 雷君2, 杨丽2, 彭小铜1,()   

  1. 1 邵阳市中心医院儿科(邮编422000)
    2 南华大学附属邵阳医院儿科
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-02 修回日期:2024-04-08 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-14
  • 通讯作者: △ E-mail:805850049@qq.com
  • 作者简介:杨湖(1988),男,主治医师,主要从事儿童免疫性疾病治疗方面研究。E-mail:250328995@qq.com

Clinical characteristics and risk prediction model construction of children with Kawasaki disease complicated with pleural effusion

YANG Hu1(), LEI Jun2, YANG Li2, PENG Xiaotong1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Pediatrics, the Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422000, China
    2 the Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China
  • Received:2024-03-02 Revised:2024-04-08 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-14
  • Contact: △ E-mail:805850049@qq.com

摘要:

目的 探讨儿童川崎病(KD)并发胸腔积液(PE)的临床特点并构建临床预测模型。方法 回顾性收集462例KD患儿的临床资料,以并发PE的11例患儿为KD-PE组,采用倾向性评分匹配选取未并发PE的KD患儿118例为KD对照组。分析患儿临床表现、辅助检查、治疗经过及预后等临床资料,采用单因素及Lasso-Logistic回归分析KD患儿并发PE的影响因素。构建预测KD-PE的列线图模型,并评价模型的预测效能。结果 KD-PE组患儿呼吸道症状均较轻,10例为少量PE。Lasso-Logistic回归筛选出C反应蛋白(CRP,OR=1.045,95%CI:1.009~1.082)及白蛋白(ALB,OR=0.755,95%CI:0.591~0.964)2个变量构建预测模型,回归方程为Logit(P)= 2.221+0.044×CRP-0.281×ALB。预测模型受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积为0.957(95%CI:0.911~1.000)。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示校准模型曲线与实际模型曲线重合良好(χ2=4.320,P=0.827),具有较好的区分度和校准度,采用临床决策曲线及临床影响曲线评估模型具有良好的临床适用性。结论 CRP升高是KD并发PE的危险因素,ALB升高是保护因素,本模型准确度、辨识能力及净获益均较高。

关键词: 黏膜皮肤淋巴结综合征, 胸腔积液, C反应蛋白质, 血清白蛋白, 列线图

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical features of pediatric Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated with pleural effusion (PE) and construct a clinical prediction model. Methods A retrospective review was conducted on clinical data of 462 children with KD from June 2017 to June 2023. Eleven KD children with PE were selected as the KD-PE group, and 118 patients without PE were selected as the KD control group. Using propensity score matching, the clinical data including clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination, treatment process and complications were collected and analyzed. Univariate and Lasso-Logistic regression were used to analyze influence factors of PE in children with KD. A line chart model for predicting KD-PE was constructed, and the prediction efficiency of the model was evaluated. Results The respiratory symptoms were generally mild in the KD-PE group, with 10 cases exhibiting mild PE. Two variables of C-reactive protein (CRP, OR=1.045, 95%CI: 1.009-1.082) and albumin (ALB, OR=0.755, 95%CI: 0.591-0.964) were screened out by Lasso regression and multi-factor Logistic regression to construct the prediction model. The regression equation was Logit (P)=2.221+0.044×CRP-0.281×ALB. The area under the ROC curve of the prediction model was 0.957 (95%CI: 0.911-1.000), and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the curve of the calibration model was well coincident with the curve of the actual model (χ2=4.320, P=0.827). The evaluation model using clinical decision curve and clinical impact curve had good clinical applicability. Conclusion KD complicated with PE in children is rare, elevated CRP is a risk factor for KD-complicated PE, and elevated ALB is a protective factor. The model has higher accuracy, discriminatory power and net benefit.

Key words: mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, pleural effusion, C-reactive protein, serum albumin, nomograms

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