天津医药

天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 999-1002.doi: 10.11958/20260988

• 流行病学调查 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆塔县高血压患病率与海拔关系的研究

刘新林1,2(), 罗廷刚3, 杜振华4, 阿木尔丁·热依加朴2, 鲍布和4,△()   

  1. 1 中国人民武装警察部队特色医学中心急诊医学科（邮编300162）
    2 塔什库尔干县人民医院心血管内科（邮编300162）
    3 中国人民武装警察部队特色医学中心感染控制科（邮编300162）
    4 中国人民武装警察部队特色医学中心检验科（邮编300162）
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-16 修回日期:2026-06-23 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通讯作者: △E-mail：baobuhe1986@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘新林（1977），男，副主任医师，主要从事急性冠脉综合征基础与临床方面研究。E-mail：liusan9936@163.com

A study on the relationship between hypertension prevalence and altitude in Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, Xinjiang

LIU Xinlin1,2(), LUO Tinggang3, DU Zhenhua4, AMUERDING Reyijiapu2, BAO Buhe4,△()   

  1. 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China
    2 Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County 300162, China
    3 Department of Infection Control, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force 300162, China
    4 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force 300162, China
  • Received:2026-04-16 Revised:2026-06-23 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-14
  • Contact: △E-mail：baobuhe1986@163.com

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摘要：

目的 探讨新疆塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县（以下简称塔县）高海拔地区居民高血压（HTN）患病率与海拔高度的关联。方法 采用横断面调查设计，以塔县11个乡（镇）20 667例≥18岁的常住居民为研究对象，按居住乡镇海拔梯度分为3组：海拔<2 800 m组（2 351例）、海拔2 800~3 300 m组（13 254例）、海拔≥3 300 m组（5 062例）。收集研究对象的性别、民族、年龄、职业、文化程度、HTN患病及家族史、烟酒嗜好、体育锻炼与体格检查指标[身高、体质量、体质量指数（BMI）、非同日3次血压]；采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析HTN患病影响因素。结果 塔县居民HTN标化患病率为25.92%。不同海拔高度组年龄、是否塔族、农林牧职业、HTN家族史、文化程度、饮酒、吸烟、锻炼、HTN、BMI分布差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。HTN患病率随海拔升高呈递增趋势（χ2=83.360，P<0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，45~59岁、≥60岁，塔吉克族、农林牧职业、有HTN家族史、超重、肥胖、海拔2 800~3 300 m和≥ 3 300 m地区是HTN患病的危险因素，偏瘦是HTN患病的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论 新疆塔县高海拔地区成人高血压患病率较高，患病风险随海拔升高而上升。

关键词: 高血压, 高海拔, 患病率, 新疆维吾尔自治区, 精准防控

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the association between altitude and the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) among residents in the high-altitude areas of Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, Xinjiang (referred to as “Taxian”). Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 20 667 permanent residents aged ≥18 years from 11 townships (towns) in Taxian. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to the altitude gradient of the townships: the altitude < 2 800 m group (2 351 cases), the altitude 2 800-3 300 m group (13 254 cases) and the altitude ≥ 3 300 m group (5 062 cases). The gender, ethnicity, age, occupation, educational level, HTN prevalence and family history, smoking and drinking habits, physical exercise, and physical examination indicators [height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), non-consecutive three blood pressure measurements] of the study subjects were collected. A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors related to HTN prevalence. Results The standardized prevalence rate of HTN in Taxian residents was 25.92%. There were statistically significant differences in age, Tajik ethnicity, occupation (agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry), HTN family history, educational level, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, HTN and BMI distribution between the different altitude groups (P<0.01).The prevalence of HTN showed an increasing trend with the increase of altitude (χ2=83.360, P<0.01). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the age of 45-59 years old, ≥ 60 years old, Tajik ethnicity, occupation (agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry), HTN family history, BMI being overweight and obese, altitude 2 800-3 300 m and≥ 3 300 m areas were risk factors for HTN, and BMI being underweight was a protective factor for HTN (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among adults in the high-altitude area of Taxian, Xinjiang, is relatively high, and the risk of developing hypertension increases with increasing altitude.

Key words: hypertension, altitude, prevalence, Xinjiang, precision prevention and control

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