天津医药 ›› 2019, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 360-364.doi: 10.11958/20190707

• 诊断技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

外泌体与胆道闭锁肝纤维化研究进展

赵金凤 1,詹江华 2△   

  1. 1天津医科大学研究生院(邮编300070);2天津市儿童医院普外科
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-13 修回日期:2019-03-30 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 詹江华 E-mail:zhanjianghuatj@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵金凤(1995),女,硕士研究生在读,主要从事小儿外科、胆道闭锁方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    胆道闭锁肝纤维化中TGF-β信号通路机制及体内抑制研究;胆道闭锁序贯性治疗方案建立及可行性研究

Advances in the study of exosomes and liver fibrosis in biliary atresia

ZHAO Jin-feng1, ZHAN Jiang-hua2△   

  1. 1 Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; 2 Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin Children’s Hospital
  • Received:2019-03-13 Revised:2019-03-30 Published:2019-04-15 Online:2019-05-27
  • Contact: zhanjianghua E-mail:zhanjianghuatj@163.com

摘要: 胆道闭锁(BA)是一种严重的婴幼儿肝胆系统疾病,很快会进展为不可逆的肝纤维化,最终导致肝衰竭,威 胁患儿生命。及时有效地遏制 BA肝纤维化是延长或实现患儿自体肝生存的关键。外泌体作为一种包含特殊的脂 质、蛋白质、核酸的纳米级囊泡,具有一定的生理和病理功能,被认为是一种新型的细胞间通讯方式。近年来,随着对 外泌体的研究升温,其参与调节BA肝纤维化的功能也逐渐被关注,并作为细胞间信号传递的载体影响纤维化进程: 能传递或影响纤维结缔组织生长因子、转化生长因子 β1、间接促进白细胞介素(IL)-17分泌、参与肝纤维化相关的 Notch通路与Hedgehog(Hh)通路以及调节肝星状细胞迁移。尤其,已有体外实验证实了来自脂肪组织来源间充质干 细胞及人脐带间充质干细胞的外泌体能发挥抑制纤维化作用。本文拟对外泌体与BA肝纤维化的关系进行综述,期 望能够为临床治疗BA肝纤维化提供新的方向。

关键词: 胆道闭锁, 肝硬化, 转化生长因子β, 纤维结缔组织生长因子, 外泌体

Abstract: Biliary atresia (BA) is a serious disease of the hepatobiliary system in infants and children, which quickly worses into irreversible liver fibrosis and eventually leads to hepatic failure and death. Controling the liver fibrosis of BA patients with BA timely and effectively is the key to prolong or achieve their survival with autologous liver. Exosomes, as nano-scale vesicles containing special lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, have certain physiological and pathological functions, and regarded as a new way of communication between cells. In recent years, with increasing the research about exosomes, their function of regulating liver fibrosis of BA has been gradually concerned. And exosomes affect the fibrosis process as a carrier of the intercellular signal transmission: transfering or influencing fiber connective tissue growth factor or transforming growth factor beta 1, promoting the secretion of IL-17 indirectly, participating in Notch and Hedgehog (Hh) pathway relating to the process of liver fibrosis and regulating hepatic stellate cells’migration. In particular, it was reported that exosomes from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells play a role in inhibiting liver fibrosis in vitro. This paper aims to review the relationship between exosomes and liver fibrosis of BA and provide a new direction for clinical therapy.

Key words: biliary atresia, liver cirrhosis, transforming growth factor beta, connective tissue growth factor, exosomes