天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 289-294.doi: 10.11958/20252946

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年NSCLC患者术后胃肠功能紊乱的危险因素研究

朱海燕(), 王烨, 尹艳()   

  1. 苏州大学附属张家港医院心胸外科(邮编215600)
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-18 修回日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:1091672757@qq.com
  • 作者简介:朱海燕(1987),女,副主任护师,主要从事心胸外科疾病方面研究。E-mail:395256861@qq.com

Risk factors for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in elderly NSCLC patients

ZHU Haiyan(), WANG Ye, YIN Yan()   

  1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, China
  • Received:2025-09-18 Revised:2025-10-21 Published:2026-03-15 Online:2026-03-17
  • Contact: E-mail:1091672757@qq.com

摘要:

目的 探讨老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者术后胃肠功能紊乱的危险因素,并构建与验证个体化列线图。方法 回顾性纳入单中心收治的309例接受肺癌根治术的老年NSCLC患者,根据其术后是否发生胃肠功能紊乱分为紊乱组(117例)与对照组(192例)。收集人口学、临床及实验室指标,通过多因素Logistic回归分析独立影响因素,据此构建列线图。采用Bootstrap法(1 000次重抽样)进行内部验证,通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、校准曲线和决策曲线分析(DCA)评估模型的区分度、校准度及临床实用性。结果 多因素Logistic分析显示,术前营养不良[OR(95%CI): 4.276(2.388~7.658)]、术前衰弱[OR(95%CI): 2.163(1.211~3.865)]、糖尿病[OR(95%CI): 2.366(1.330~4.208)]、术前化疗[OR(95%CI): 2.153(1.214~3.819)]是老年NSCLC患者术后发生胃肠功能紊乱的危险因素(P<0.05),术前高最大自主通气量占预计值百分比(MVV%pred)[OR(95%CI):0.902(0.874~0.932)]是保护因素(P<0.05)。整合5项影响因素构建列线图,经验证该模型具有良好的鉴别力(曲线下面积为0.873,95%CI:0.827~0.919)、校准度(平均绝对误差=0.021)和临床实用性。结论 基于营养不良、衰弱、糖尿病、术前化疗及高水平MVV%等因素构建的列线图,能有效预测老年NSCLC患者的术后胃肠功能紊乱风险。

关键词: 癌, 非小细胞肺, 手术后并发症, 胃肠疾病, 列线图, 老年人, 胃肠功能紊乱

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to develop and validate an individualized nomogram. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted and included 309 elderly NSCLC patients who underwent radical resection of lung cancer in the single center of our hospital. Patients were divided into the disorder group (117 cases) and the control group (192 cases) based on whether gastrointestinal dysfunction occurred after the operation. Demographic, clinical and laboratory indicators were collected. The independent influencing factors were analyzed through multivariate Logistic regression, and a nomogram was constructed based on these results. Internal validation was conducted using the Bootstrap method (1 000 resampling), and the discrimination, calibration and clinical practicability of the model were evaluated through area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified that preoperative malnutrition [OR (95%CI): 4.276(2.388-7.658)], preoperative frailty [OR (95%CI): 2.163(1.211-3.865)], diabetes [OR (95%CI): 2.366(1.330-4.208)]and preoperative chemotherapy [OR (95%CI): 2.153(1.214-3.819)]were independent risk factors for postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in elderly NSCLC patients after surgery (P<0.05). The higher preoperative maximum voluntary ventilation as a percentage of predicted value(MVV%pred)[OR (95%CI): 0.902(0.874-0.932)] was a protective factor (P<0.05). A nomogram prediction model integrating these five factors demonstrated excellent discriminative ability (AUC = 0.873,95%CI:0.827-0.919), calibration (mean absolute error=0.021) and clinical applicability. Conclusion Nomograms constructed based on factors such as malnutrition, frailty, diabetes, preoperative chemotherapy and high MVV% can effectively predict the risk of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in elderly NSCLC patients.

Key words: carcinoma, non-small-cell lung, postoperative complications, gastrointestinal diseases, nomograms, aged, gastrointestinal dysfunction

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