天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (7): 716-721.doi: 10.11958/20253013

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

血清铜蓝蛋白和肾损伤因子1对终末期肾病发生的预测价值

齐琳(), 安美婷(), 房勃龙   

  1. 中国人民解放军陆军第八十二集团军医院肾内科(邮编071000)
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-24 修回日期:2026-02-04 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-13
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:m15097458539@163.com
  • 作者简介:齐琳(1986),女,主治医师,主要从事糖尿病肾病诊治及慢性肾脏病替代治疗方面研究。E-mail:15130336677@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    保定市科技计划项目(2041ZF337)

Predictive value of serum ceruloplasmin and kidney injury molecule-1 for the occurrence of end-stage renal disease

QI Lin(), AN Meiting(), FANG Bolong   

  1. Department of Nephrology, Hospital of the 82nd Group Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Force, Baoding 071000, China
  • Received:2025-09-24 Revised:2026-02-04 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-13
  • Contact: E-mail:m15097458539@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析老年慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者血清铜蓝蛋白(CP)与肾损伤因子1(KIM-1)水平对CKD进展为终末期肾病(ESRD)的预测价值。方法 纳入208例CKD患者并根据其是否进展为ESRD分为进展组(56例)和未进展组(152例)。收集患者入院时人口学资料、临床资料等基线资料,使用免疫浊度法检测CP水平,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测KIM-1水平。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析CP与KIM-1水平对CKD进展为ESRD的预测效能,采用Cox回归评估CP与KIM-1水平与ESRD的关系,绘制Kaplan-Meier(K-M)曲线评估风险相关性。结果 进展组的年龄、CKD分期G4/G5期比例、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h-UP)、血肌酐(Scr)、尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、收缩压(SBP)、CP、KIM-1水平均高于未进展组,估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)低于未进展组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,当CP、KIM-1分别取值346.86 mg/L与3.26 μg/L时,预测的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.670(95%CI:0.601~0.733)与0.700(95%CI:0.633~0.762),当采用CP与KIM-1联合预测老年CKD进展时,AUC为0.804(95%CI:0.744~0.856),敏感度为71.43%,特异度为75.66%。多因素Cox回归分析显示,CP与KIM-1均为老年CKD患者进展至ESRD的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。K-M曲线结果显示,CP>346.86 mg/L组组患者3年累积ESRD进展发生率高于CP≤346.86 mg/L组[40.96%(34/83) vs. 17.60%(22/125),Log-rank χ2=22.076,P<0.01],KIM-1>3.26 μg/L组患者3年累积ESRD发生率高于KIM-1≤ 3.26 μg/L组[50.85%(30/59) vs. 17.45%(26/149),Log-rank χ2=46.518,P<0.01]。结论 血清CP、KIM-1水平与老年CKD患者进展至ESRD的发生风险显著相关,高水平CP与KIM-1提示疾病进展高风险。

关键词: 肾功能不全, 慢性, 肾功能衰竭, 慢性, 老年人, 铜蓝蛋白, 肾损伤因子1, 预测

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the predictive value of serum ceruloplasmin (CP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels for the progression of elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods A total of 208 elderly CKD patients were enrolled and divided into the progression group (56 cases) and the non-progression group (152 cases) according to whether they progressed to ESRD. Baseline demographic and clinical data at admission were collected. Serum CP levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry, and KIM-1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficacy of CP and KIM-1 levels for CKD progression to ESRD. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between CP and KIM-1 levels and ESRD. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves were constructed to evaluate the risk correlation. Results Compared with the non-progression group, there were significantly higher age, proportion of CKD stages G4/G5, 24-hour urinary protein quantification (24h-UP), serum creatinine (Scr), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), systolic blood pressure (SBP), CP and KIM-1 levels in the progression group, while the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was lower (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that when CP and KIM-1 were set at 346.86 mg/L and 3.26 μg/L, respectively, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.670 (95% CI: 0.601-0.733) for CP and 0.700 (95% CI: 0.633-0.762) for KIM-1. When CP and KIM-1 were combined for prediction, the AUC increased to 0.804 (95% CI: 0.744-0.856), with a sensitivity of 71.43% and specificity of 75.66%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that both CP and KIM-1 were independent risk factors for progression to ESRD in elderly CKD patients (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier curve results showed that the 3-year cumulative incidence of ESRD progression in the CP>346.86 mg/L group was significantly higher than that in the CP≤346.86 mg/L group [40.96% (34/83) vs. 17.60% (22/125), Log-rank χ2=22.076, P<0.01]. Similarly, the 3-year cumulative incidence of ESRD in the KIM-1>3.26 μg/L group was significantly higher than that in the KIM-1≤3.26 μg/L group [50.85% (30/59) vs. 17.45% (26/149), Log-rank χ2=46.518, P<0.01]. Conclusion Serum CP and KIM-1 levels are significantly associated with the risk of progression to ESRD in elderly CKD patients. Elevated levels of CP and KIM-1 indicate a higher risk of disease progression.

Key words: renal insufficiency, chronic, kidney failure, chronic, aged, ceruloplasmin, kidney injury molecule-1, forecasting

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