Abstract: Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), also known as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a lifethreatening condition of severe hyperinflammation caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of activated lymphocytes and histiocytic secreting high amounts of inflammatory cytokines. This article describes a case of refractory hemophagocytic syndrome combined with multiple organ failure. Through the review of medical history and treatment process, analysis of rescue occasion and details, and the practice on the concept of salvage therapy, our purpose is to discuss the strategy and experience that we have gained from rescuing severe refractory hemophagocytic syndrome in ICU. The key to the success rescue of this case is that we not only have carried out timely and effective early stage of initial treatment and salvage treatment, but also have had real-time monitoring and timely and effective treatment in ICU. Based on the effective infection control and comprehensive organ support, the phased treatment results of patients with HPS can be significantly improved,which provides possibility for HPS patients’survival.

Key words: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, intensive care units, multiple organ failure, hemophagocytic syndrome, salvage therapycare medicine