Tianjin Medical Journal ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 923-927.doi: 10.11958/20253484

• Clinical Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of high risk of thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

LAI Xia(), YIN Weiyu, ZENG Yongping, YANG Youguo, LIU Yuan△()   

  1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545006, China
  • Received:2025-12-08 Revised:2026-03-09 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-14
  • Contact: △E-mail:liuyuanem@163.com

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of patients with high risk of thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A total of 142 SLE patients who visited the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at Liuzhou People's Hospital from September 2023 to December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Based on the Padua assessment scale scores, patients were divided into two groups: the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (score<4, n=85) and the SLE high-risk thrombosis group (score ≥ 4, n=57). The general information,clinical manifestations and comorbidities of the two groups were collected, and the disease activity was evaluated by the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). Blood routine, inflammatory indicators, immunoglobulin and 24-hour urine protein quantification were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The antinuclear antibody spectrum, including antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-Smith antibody (Sm), anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibody (β2GPI) were detected by Western blot assay. Results The age of patients in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group was higher than that in the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients complicated with lupus nephritis (LN) and hyperlipidemia were higher in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group than that of the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (P<0.05). SLEDAI scores, white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer (D-D) and 24-hour urine protein quantification were higher in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group than those of the SLE low-risk thrombosis group, while the serum albumin (ALB) and platelet (PLT) decreased (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that increased age, CRP, D-D, SLEDAI score, LN, aCL antibody and anti-β2GPI antibody were independent risk factors for high-risk thrombosis in SLE, while increased PLT and ALB were independent protective factors for high-risk thrombosis in SLE (P < 0.05). Conclusion Identifying risk factors is helpful for the targeted monitoring and prevention of SLE patients at high risk of thrombosis, thereby reducing the incidence of thrombotic events.

Key words: lupus erythematosus, systemic, venous thromboembolism, Padua rating

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