Abstract: Objective　To explore the expression levels of peripheral blood procalcitonin (PCT), high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with traumatic lung injury and their relationship with prognosis. Methods　A total of 78 patients with traumatic lung injury were enrolled as the observation group, while other 53 patients without lung injury were enrolled as the control group. The scores of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ), lung injury and trauma severity were compared between the two groups. The levels of peripheral blood PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and their relationship with scores of APACHEⅡ and lung injury was analyzed. According to the patient's prognosis, patients in the observation group were divided into the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group. The changes of PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 were compared between the two groups. Their relationship with poor prognosis was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results　The scores of APACHEⅡ, lung injury and trauma severity, and levels of peripheral blood PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of peripheral blood PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 were positively correlated with APACHEⅡ and lung injury scores (P＜0.05). The levels of peripheral blood PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group (P＜0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for poor prognosis of PCT, HMGB-1, ICAM-1 and their combined detection were 0.801 (0.695-0.907), 0.736 (0.618-0.855), 0.821 (0.707-0.936) and 0.938 (0.885-0.991). The sensitivity values were 0.810, 0.762, 0.667 and 0.905, and the specificity values were 0.719, 0.632, 0.860 and 0.842. Conclusion　The levels of peripheral blood PCT, HMGB-1 and ICAM-1 are increased in patients with traumatic lung injury, and the combined detection of the three indexes is of high predictive value for the poor prognosis.

Key words: calcitonin, HMGB1 protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, acute lung injury, prognosis, procalcitonin, traumatic lung injury