Abstract: Objective To discuss the etiology, clinical features, imaging manifestations, treatment principles and prognosis of the orbital infectious diseases. Methods Thirty-four patients with orbital infectious diseases hospitalized in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from August 2011 to October 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. We analyzed clinical data of patients including the etiologies, types of the infection, imaging manifestations, treatments and prognoses. Relsults There were 21 patients with orbital abscesses, 13 patients with orbital cellulitis only, no abscess formation. The main cause of the orbital infectious patients disease was related to paranasal sinusitis, others included furuncles of eyelid skin, dacryocystitis, trauma, entophthalmia, odontogenic infection, nosocomial infection and systemic diseases. Twenty-two cases were operated, and 12 cases were treated conservatively. Thirty (30 / 34) cases acquired well prognoses without serious complications, except 1 occurred central retinal artery and vein occlusion, and 3 were treated by ophthalmectomy and lost their visual function permanently. The CT imaging of orbital infectious diseases showed the swelling, increased density, diffuse inflammation and unclear boundaries of the involved tissues. The imaging of orbital abscesses showed that in addition to inflammation, the abscesses and the masses were obvious in the orbit. MR generally showed long T1 and long T2 signals. Conclusion There are many causes of orbital infectious diseases, and the course progresses rapidly. With the help of imaging examination, it can accurately locates the infection, and shows the type and range, and comprehensively evaluates the disease in combination with clinical features. Anti-infection and etiological therapy are crucial factors, if necessary, surgery and multiple department treatment should be combined to avoid serious complications.

Key words: orbital cellulitis , orbital infection , orbital abscess