Abstract: Pulmonary infection is one of the common infections, and the condition progresses faster in a short time. It can be life-threatening if the infection is not treated effectively. This article explains the application principles of diagnostic interventional pulmonology combined with microbial metagenomics sequencing (dIP+mMS) in pulmonary infection, including indications of dIP + mMS, common sampling methods, reasonable choices of different sampling methods and packaging methods, the selection of bronchoscopy, guided endoscopic technique and rapid on site evaluation (ROSE). In addition, the genetic materials should be extracted separately after obtaining the specimen, and sequenced together (cocktail method). Attention should also be paid to the application of systemic and local antimicrobial agents and the effects of different sampling sites on the result of dIP+mMS.

Key words: lung diseases, diagnosis, respiratory tract infections, diagnostic interventional pulmonology, microbial metagenomics sequencing