Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective Through epidemiological Investigation of the urinary calculus caused by melamine-contaminated milk powder, to explore the risk factors of the disease and provide a reliable basis for preventing the disease’s incidence.Methods A 1:2 matched case control study was conducted to investigate 26 cases and 52 the control, the cases were urinary calculus result from melamine-contaminated milk powder, the control has’t have urinary calculus caused by melamine-contaminated milk powder, matching factor with sex, and the different of age less than or equal to one year. The data were analyzed for Single and Multiple factor conditional logistic regression. Results The results of OR : the history of urinary lithiasis with the first degree relative(12.321) , infancy fed with melamine-contaminated milk powder (6.792), take calcium (3.454), drink water(0.359).Conclusion The results of multiple regression model showed that the risk factors of this disease were the history of urinary lithiasis with the first degree relative, infancy fed with melamine - contaminated milk powder and take calcium,the protective factor was to drink water.

Key words: melamine, urinary lithiasis, logistic regression analysis