Abstract: Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between dyslipidemia, plaque characteristics and coronary artery compensatory enlargement, and to study the possible mechanisms of vessel remodeling by detecting hypersensitive C reactive protein, interleukin-6 and endothelin. Methods Fifty-six patients with local lesion within single coronary segment were selected and separated into two groups, compensatory enlargement group (30 patients) and non-compensatory enlargement group (26 patients). Correlation between remodeling index and blood lipid composition was analyzed. Blood lipid level, inflammatory markers, endothelin, and plaque distribution between the two groups were also compared. Results Compared to the non-compensatory enlargement group, patients with compensatory enlargement had significantly higher serum low density lipoprotein (2.86±0.43 mmol/L vs. 2.59±0.57 mmol/L，P<0.05), whereas lower serum high density lipoprotein (1.29±0.25 mmol/L vs. 1.51±0.29 mmol/L，P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the remodeling index and total cholesterol, so did the remodeling index and low density lipoprotein. However, a negative correlation existed between the remodeling index and high density lipoprotein. In addition, the compensatory enlargement group had higher level of inflammatory markers and higher incidence of eccentric, soft plague. The non-compensatory enlargement group had higher endothelin level and tended to have calcified plague. Conclusion Coronary vessel remodeling was closely related to dyslipidemia and plaque characteristics. The inflammatory response and endothelin imbalance resulted from endothelium dysfunction might be the mechanisms of vessel remodeling.

Key words: Vessel remodeling, Intravascular Ultrasound, Dyslipidemia, Compensatory Enlargement