Abstract: To investigate the clinical value of pathological diagnosis on uterine leiomyoma with unusual growth patterns (special histology and growth pattern) to guide the appropriate surgical procedures and treatment. Methods: There were three groups in this study. Group A were 110 patients with unusual types of uterine leiomyoma treated in our hospital during 1982 – 1987. Group B were 41 cases with special types of uterine leiomyoma treated in our hospital during 2007 – 2010. Group C were control group included 41 cases of ordinary uterine leiomyoma randomly selected over the same period. The patient age, surgical modes, myoma recurrence rate and malignant transformation rate were retrospectively analyzed and compared between three groups by 1 to 5 years follow-up. Results: There were no significant differences in the patient age, surgical modes and recurrence rate between patients of three groups. No malignant transformation was found in three groups. Conclusion: The special types of uterine leiomyoma have benign manifestations. The pathological diagnosis of undetermined malignant potential uterine leiomyoma should becautious. Pathologist and clinical doctors should avoid understanding deviation and excessive therapy. Close follow-up is needed after surgery.

Key words: myoma, pathologic diagnosis