Abstract: Objective Analysis of hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), renal dysfunction in patients with risk factors analysis. Methods Regression analysis of the clinical data of hospitalized patients(from January 2008 to December 2012 529 cases of patients) in the hospital diagnosis of atrial fibrillation , Atrial fibrillation whether renal insufficiency were divided into two groups, the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed to study possible risk factors for AF in patients with renal insufficiency. Results: Age, hypertension, heart failure and coronary heart disease history, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), while gender, smoking history, diabetes, rheumatic valvular disease, hyperthyroidism, cardiomyopathy, idiopathic AF, left atrial enlargement renal dysfunction incidence showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). Regression analysis: ≥ 60 years of age (P = 0.014, B = 0.036), hypertension (P = 0.024, B = 0.498), coronary heart disease (P = 0.034, B = 0.466), cardiac dysfunction (P = 0.000, B = 0.824). Conclusion: Age ≥ 60 years of age in patients with atrial fibrillation and renal dysfunction, hypertension, coronary heart disease and heart failure as the main factors, which elderly atrial fibrillation patients with renal insufficiency, pay attention to the control of their blood pressure and improved cardiac function,its secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in patients with coronary heart disease, is particularly important.