Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the relationship between the amplification of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene and High-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV) infections in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN）and cervix carcinoma. Methods: The cytological specimens of cervix were selected from Sep 2012 to Apr 2013 in department of gynaecology second hospital of tianjin medical university。The amplification of hTERT gene of cervical epithelial cells in human normal cervical epithelium of 34 cases, CIN I of 31 cases, CIN II of 33 cases, CIN III of 34 cases and cervical carcinoma of 20 cases were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization( FISH).All of them received HPV DNA detection. Results: With aggravated cervical lesions, the incidence of HR-HPV infection were 20.59%、54.84%、72.73%、85.29%、90.00%，respectively and there was significant difference between them (?2=41.448,P<0.05).The incidence of HR-HPV infection between normal cervical epithelium and the CIN II or the CIN III or the cervix carcinoma was significant difference(P<0.005)，while there was no significant difference between the normal group and the CIN I(P>0.005). With the increase in grades of cervical lesions, the positive rate of hTERT gene were 0.00%、3.22%、18.18%、41.18%、80.00%，respectively and there was significant difference between them (?2=57.998，P<0.05).The positive rate of hTERT gene between the cervix carcinoma and normal group or the CIN I or the CIN II was significant difference(P<0.005), however there was no significant difference between the cervix carcinoma and the CIN III(P>0.005).The positive rate of hTERT gene was 33.68% with HR-HPV infection, however 8.77% without HR-HPV infection, there was significant difference between them (P<0.05).There was positive correlation between the amplification of hTERT gene and HR-HPV infection (P<0.05，r= 0.2381).Conclusion: (1)the incidence of HR-HPV infection increase as significantly as aggravating the lesions.(2)The positive rate of hTERT gene increased with the cervical lesion grade which makes it a screening test marker for CIN and may help to determine the progressive potential of individual lesions.(3)The amplification of hTERT gene may be an early stage event which related to the activation of telomerase resulted from HR-HPV infection．The detection of HPV-DNA and hTERT gene can be used as ideal tumor indexes for early cervical lesions screening． Key words Fluorescence in situ hybridization；Cervix carcinom；，Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia；High-risk human papillomavirus,；Human telomerase reverse transcriptase

Key words: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase, Cervix carcinom, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, High-risk human papillomavirus, Fluorescence in situ hybridization