Tianjin Medical Journal

Effects of miR-107 on proliferation, invasion and migration of CAL27 cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma

ZHANG Jinwei, WANG Yan, WANG Tong

2024, 52 (9): 897-899. doi: 10.11958/20240259

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Objective To investigate the expression miR-107 in oral squamous cell carcinoma CAL27 cell line and its effect on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of CAL27 cells. Methods The expression of miR-107 CAL27 cell line and human oral epithelial HOEC cells were detected by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR). MiR-107 mimic and miR-107 NC plasmid were transfected into CAL27 cells using liposome transfection method, and cells were divided into two groups, the miR-107 NC group used as a control group and the miR-107 mimic group used as a miR-107-overexpressed group. MTT cell proliferation assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. Transwell chamber assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion. Results The expression of miR-107 was lower in CAL27 cell line than that in HOEC cells. OD values of the miR-107 mimic group were lower than those of the miR-107 NC group at the time of 24, 48 and 72 h after transfection. The proportion of apoptotic cells was higher in the miR-107 mimic group than that of the miR-107 NC group, while the number of invasion and migration cells was lower than that of the miR-107 NC group (P<0.05). Conclusion Up-regulation of miR-107 can inhibit proliferation, invasion and migration of CAL27 cells.

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Study on the effect and mechanism of kaempferol in reversing drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-Fu cells

LIANG Damin, YANG Zhengjiu, ZHANG Ziping, QIAN Jing, MAO Chaokun

2024, 52 (9): 900-906. doi: 10.11958/20231828

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Objective To investigate the effect of kaempferol (KAE) on the function of drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-Fu cells. Methods Bel-7402/5-Fu cells were treated with KAE, and cells were divided into the control group and the drug group (0.064, 0.320, 1.600, 8, 40, 200 μmol/L KAE). Cells were divided into the si-NC group and the DNA-PKcs interference group, or the control group, the KAE group, the KAE+si-DNA-PKcs group or the KAE+DMSO group, the KAE+MG132 group and the KAE+CQ group based on interfering DNA dependent kinase catalytic subunits (DNA-PKcs) or addition of proteasome inhibitor MG132 or autophagy inhibitor CQ. Cell proliferation was detected using CCK-8. The expression level of histone H₂AX phosphorylation (γ-H₂AX), DNA-PKcs, DNA double strand break repair/V(D)J recombinant protein (Artemis) and drug pump gene (P-gp) were analyzed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The stability of DNA-PKcs proteins was analyzed by protein stability experiments. Ubiquitination of DNA-PKcs protein was evaluated by immunoprecipitation assay. Results Compared to the control group, treating cells with 8 μmol/L KAE for 24 h inhibited about 50% of cell proliferation ability. Therefore, this time and concentration were chosen for subsequent research. Compared to the control group, the expression level of γ-H₂AX mRNA and protein significantly increased, while expression levels of DNA-PKcs, Artemis and P-gp mRNA and proteins significantly decreased in the KAE group (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, KAE promoted cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase of Bel-7402/5-Fu cells and increased cell apoptosis. Compared to the si-NC group, siRNA-1664 significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of DNA-PKcs (P<0.05). Compared with the KAE group, the effect of KAE was further promoted in the KAE+si-DNA-PKcs group of Bel-7402/5-Fu cells. Compared with the control group, the protein expression level of DNA-PKcs decreased in the KAE+DMSO group (P<0.05). Compared with the KAE+DMSO group, the protein expression level of DNA-PKcs increased in the KAE+MG132 group (P<0.05), while there was no significant change in the protein expression level of DNA-PKcs in the KAE+CQ group (P>0.05). Compared to the control group, there was promoted ubiquitination of DNA-PKcs in the KAE+DMSO group, and the inhibited ubiquitination in the KAE+MG132 group (P<0.05). Conclusion KAE may induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-Fu cells.

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Mechanism study of ATOX1 promoting biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through JAK2/STAT3 pathway

MA Jiajia, ZHANG Yaping, YANG Bin, ZHAO Meiqi, JIANG Lu, HUANG Xiaoyu, FAN Luchang, WANG Fengmei

2024, 52 (9): 907-912. doi: 10.11958/20240221

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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the expression of antioxidant 1 copper chaperone protein (ATOX1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with tumor proliferation, migration and invasion. Methods The expression of ATOX1 mRNA in HCC cancer tissue and normal liver tissue was analyzed using the Human Genome Atlas database. Immunohistochemical experiment was used to detect the expression of ATOX1 in 15 cases of HCC cancer tissue and adjacent tissue. Human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HepG2 were divided into the control group (NC), the ATOX1 knockdown group 1 (si-ATOX1#1) and the ATOX1 knockdown group 2 (si-ATOX1#2). The effects of ATOX1 knockdown on the malignant biological behavior of HCC cells were observed through CCK-8 cell proliferation experiment, scratch experiment and Transwell invasion experiments. A nude mouse xenograft tumor model was constructed to analyze the effect of ATOX1 knockdown on the quality and volume of transplanted tumors. Western blot assay was used to detect the relationship between ATOX1 and JAK2/STAT3 pathway protein expression. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that expression of ATOX1 mRNA in HCC cancer tissue was higher than that in adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05). The immunohistochemical staining results showed that the positive rate of ATOX1 protein was higher in HCC cancer tissue than that in adjacent tissue (93.33% vs. 13.33%, P<0.01). In vitro experimental results showed that siRNA knockdown of ATOX1 protein expression in Hep3B and HepG2 cells significantly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of cancer cells (P<0.05). In vivo experiments in mice showed that the volume and weight of subcutaneous xenograft tumors were significantly smaller in the sh-ATOX1 group than those in the sh-con group (P<0.05). The expression levels of JAK2/STAT3 pathway-related proteins p-JAK2, p-STAT3, CyclinD1 and MMP2 were significantly lower in the subcutaneous transplanted tumor tissue of the sh-ATOX1 group than that of the sh-con group (P<0.05). Conclusion ATOX1 can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC through JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which can potentially become a potential tumor marker and therapeutic target.

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Distribution and significance of CD1a⁺ and CD83⁺ dendritic cells in lung tissue of COPD mice

ZHANG Lanying, ZHANG Fuan, LIU Maomao, CHEN Jie, ZHOU Jian, LIU Yuting, OUYANG Yao

2024, 52 (9): 913-916. doi: 10.11958/20240321

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Objective To study the distribution and significance of CD1a and CD83 positive dendritic cells (DCs) in lung tissue of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mice. Methods Twenty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the air control group and the smoked COPD group (n=10 for each group). COPD mouse model was established using cigarette smoking method. Mice were executed within 24 h after the last cigarette smoking, and right lower lung was collected. Body mass changes and lung histopathological changes of mice were observed in two groups. Mean linear intercept (MLI) was measured, and expression levels of CD1a⁺and CD83⁺ DCs in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The body mass of mice at 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after modeling was lower in the smoked COPD group than that in the air control group (P<0.05). HE staining showed that the normal alveolar structure of lung tissue of mice in the smoked group was disrupted, with multiple alveoli fused with each other to form a larger alveolar lumen, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in alveolar intervals, and walls of the alveoli were thickened. COPD modeling was successful. Compared with the air control group, MLI values (μm) increased in the smoked COPD group (28.30±3.47 vs. 50.40±3.60), and the number of CD1a⁺ DCs ( per field of view) in lung tissue increased (9.58±2.18 vs. 17.08±3.67), while the number of CD83⁺ DCs (per field of view) decreased (19.78±4.95 vs. 8.02±3.30) (all P<0.05). Conclusion The number of CD1a⁺ DCs in lung tissue is increased and the number of CD83⁺ DCs in lung tissue is decreased in the smoked COPD group of mice, and cigarette smoking may have impaired DC maturation.

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Promoting effect of circulating FGF23 on atrial fibrosis in chronic kidney disease

GAO Pan, XIE Bingxin, ZHOU Zandong, LIU Tong

2024, 52 (9): 917-923. doi: 10.11958/20240171

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Objective To explore the possible mechanisms by which fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 promoted atrial fibrosis in circulation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by binding to atrial tissue fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 4. Methods Twenty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were selected. Rats were randomly selected to undergo 5/6 nephrectomy and fed for 15 weeks to establish a CKD model (n=14). The remaining 8 rats were used as the sham group. The sham group (n=8) underwent the same surgery without removing renal tissue. Body weight, blood pressure, renal function, cardiac ultrasound, epicardial electrocardiography and pathological indices were monitored in both groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the circulating levels of FGF23 in the two groups of rats. Transcriptomic analysis of left atrial tissue was performed to search for differentially expressed genes. Rat atrial fibroblasts were divided into the control group, the FGFR inhibitor group, the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) group and the TGF-β+FGFR inhibitor group. The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagenⅠ (Col Ⅰ) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results Systolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were elevated in the CKD group of rats. Cardiac electrophysiological study showed that CKD could promote the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrioventricular block. Cardiac ultrasound suggested that the internal diameter of the left atrium was significantly increased in rats of the CKD group. Pathological findings showed that the left atrium in the CKD group underwent significant fibrosis, and epicardial electrical markers showed that left atrial electrical conduction velocity was significantly slower and conduction heterogeneity was significantly increased in the CKD group. These changes were accompanied by higher circulating FGF23. Western blot results showed that FGFR4 expression was upregulated in the CKD group. After blocking the FGF23/FGFR4 signaling pathway in atrial fibroblasts, the fibrosis-related proteins α-SMA, Col Ⅰ and p-AKT/AKT were decreased. Conclusion CKD promotes the occurrence of AF by inducing both structural and electrical remodeling. Increased circulating FGF23 promotes atrial fibrosis by activating the downstream AKT pathway binding to FGFR4 in atrial tissue.

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Effects of Zhike Pingchuan Formula on airway inflammation and TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway in bronchial asthma mice

FAN Huihui, REN Yumei, TIAN Xinlei, ZHANG Kai, LI Xiaoli

2024, 52 (9): 924-929. doi: 10.11958/20240222

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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Zhike Pingchuan Formula on reducing airway inflammation in mice with bronchial asthma (BA). Methods A total of 84 BALB/c mice were randomly separated into the control group, the BA group, the low-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula group, the high-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula group, the dexamethasone group, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group and the high-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula+LPS group, with 12 mice in each group. The BA model was constructed in all groups of mice except the control group. After successful modeling, mice were treated with drug administration once a day for 3 weeks. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration and levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in alveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological changes in lung tissue was detected by HE staining. The bronchial epithelium goblet cell proliferation and mucus secretion were determined by PAS staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect levels of T helper cell 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cell in mouse spleen tissue. Western blot assay was used to detect toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway-related protein expression in lung tissue. Results Compared with the control group, damage of lung tissue was serious, the proliferation of bronchial epithelial goblet cells and the secretion of mucus increased, IgE concentration, TNF-α, IL-17 levels, Th17 cell proportion, Th17/Treg ratio, and TLR4, TRAF6, p-NF-κB p65 protein expression increased, while Treg cell proportion decreased in the BA group (P<0.05). Compared with the BA group, the bronchial epithelial cupular cell proliferation and mucus secretion were reduced in the low-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula group, the high-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula group and the dexamethasone group, the lung tissue damage was improved, the concentration of IgE, levels of TNF-α, IL-17, the proportion of Th17 cells, the ratio of Th17/Treg and expression of protein levels of TLR4, TRAF6 and p-NF-κB p65 were reduced, and the proportion of Treg cell was elevated (P<0.05). The trend of corresponding indexes in the LPS group was opposite to the above (P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula group, the pathological damage of lung tissue increased in the high-dose Zhike Pingchuan Formula+LPS group. The proliferation of bronchial epithelial goblet cells and the secretion of mucus increased, the IgE concentration, TNF-α, IL-17 levels, Th17 cell proportion, Th17/Treg ratio and TLR4, TRAF6, p-NF-κB p65 protein expression increased, while the Treg cell proportion decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Zhike Pingchuan Formula may reduce airway inflammation in BA mice by inhibiting TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.

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The effect of prunella vulgaris extract on inflammatory response and peritoneal macrophages in septic mice

JIA Weining, BAO Yaling, LEI Hui, YIN Xiaoning

2024, 52 (9): 930-935. doi: 10.11958/20240002

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Objective To investigate the effect of prunella vulgaris extract on inflammation, macrophage phenotype, and phagocytic ability in septic mice, and analyze whether Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway involved in its mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into the control group, the model group and the prunella vulgaris extract low (25 mg/kg), medium (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) dose groups. Except for the control group, all other groups of mice were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to prepare sepsis model. Each group was given corresponding medication by gavage. After 24 hours of administration, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -1β, high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), IL-10 levels, the proportion of M1 type (CD11b⁺F4/80⁺) and M2 type (CD206⁺F4/80⁺) macrophages in peritoneal macrophages, the phagocytotic capacity of macrophages, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) messenger RNA (mRNA) and arginase 1 (Arg1) mRNA in peritoneal macrophages and expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65 and their phosphorylated proteins in macrophages were detected. Results Compared with the control group, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1, proportion of M1 type macrophages in abdominal cavity, mean fluorescence intensity and phagocytotic capacity of macrophages, iNOS mRNA, TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65 protein expression were increased in the model group (P<0.05). IL-10, proportion of M2 type macrophages and Arg1 mRNA expression were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1, proportion of M1 type macrophages in abdominal cavity, iNOS mRNA, TLR4, p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 protein expression were decreased successively in the prunella vulgaris extract low, medium and high dose groups (P<0.05). IL-10, proportion of M2 macrophages, mean fluorescence intensity and phagocytotic capacity of macrophages and Arg1 mRNA expression were increased successively (P<0.05). Conclusion By inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway, prunella vulgaris extract may inhibit the polarization of peritoneal macrophages into M1 type and promote their polarization to M2 type, enhance macrophage phagocytic ability and alleviate LPS induced inflammatory response in septic mice.

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Clinical efficacy of 1 565 nm non-ablative fractional laser in androgenetic alopecia

CHENG Yi, XU Yaping, LYU Lijing, CUI Yu, ZHANG Yan, HU Caixia

2024, 52 (9): 936-939. doi: 10.11958/20231979

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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of 1 565 nm non-ablative fractional laser combined with topical minoxidil and oral finasteride in the treatment of patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Methods Seventy-five male AGA patients with Norwood-Hamilton classification grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ, were randomly assigned into three groups: the control group 1, the control group 2 and the experimental group, with 25 cases in each group. Patients in the control group 1 received topical 5% minoxidil (1 mL, twice daily). Patients in the control group 2 were treated with both topical 5% minoxidil and oral finasteride (1 mg, once daily). Patients in the experimental group received a combined therapy of 1 565 nm non-ablative fractional laser in addition to topical 5% minoxidil and oral finasteride. Hair overall efficacy was evaluated using a 7-point rating scale after 24 weeks of treatment. Hair diameter and density were measured using a dermoscope. Patient satisfaction was assessed post-treatment, and adverse reactions were recorded. Results The overall efficacy of hair in the experimental group was superior to the control group 1 and the control group 2. There were no significant differences in hair density and hair diameter before treatment between the three groups (P>0.05). After treatment, hair diameter and density increased in all three groups compared to baseline values (P<0.05), and the hair diameter and hair density of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P<0.05). Patient satisfaction in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P<0.05). Patients in the experimental group experienced tolerable pain and burning sensations during laser treatment, and the symptoms were self-alleviated within a few hours. There were no serious adverse reactions reported in any group. Conclusion The combination therapy of 1 565 nm non-ablative fractional laser, 5% minoxidil, and finasteride demonstrates significantly better efficacy in the treatment of AGA than minoxidil and finasteride alone drug therapy.

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Establishment and validation of a risk prediction model for primary liver cancer complicated with pulmonary infection before intervention

WANG Yuanzhen, WEI Hongyan, CHANG Lixian, ZHANG Yingyuan, LIU Chunyun, LIU Li

2024, 52 (9): 940-945. doi: 10.11958/20240147

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Objective To analyze the influencing factors of pulmonary infection in patients with primary liver cancer (PHC) before intervention, and establish a nomogram risk prediction model to verify it. Methods A total of 1 635 patients with PHC diagnosed and hospitalized for the first time were selected and divided into the infected group (197 cases) and the non-infected group (1 438 cases) according to whether they had pulmonary infection. General data such as body mass index (BMI), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), Barcelona stage (BCLC), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), hemoglobin (Hb) and other blood routine indicators were collected. Total protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamylaminotransferase (GGT), alkaline phospholipase (ALP), abnormal prothrombin (PIVKA-Ⅱ), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), procalcitonin (PCT), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cholinesterase (ChE), total cholesterol (TC) and other blood biochemical indicators, CD3 cell count (CD3⁺), CD4 cell count (CD4⁺), CD4/CD8 ratio (CD4⁺/CD8⁺), CD19 cell count (CD19⁺), interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and other cytokines were also collected. Univariate analysis and Lasso regression were used to screen variables, and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for pulmonary infection in PHC patients before intervention. The risk prediction model was established and evaluated. Results Compared with the non-infected group, age, smoking rate, CHC, pleural effusion, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Child-Pugh grade C, BCLC Phase A /C /D ratio, WBC, NEU, AST, GGT, ALP, PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP, CEA, PCT, hs-CRP, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels were higher in the infected group, and levels of BMI, CHB ratio, Hb, TP, PA, ChE, TC, CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, CD19⁺ and IFN-α were lower (P < 0.05). Lasso regression and binary Logistic regression analysis showed that pleural effusion, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, higher level of age, WBC, Hb and lower level of TP were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with PHC before intervention. The area under receiver operating curve (ROC) of the established nomogram model was 0.700（95%CI:0.659-0.740), and Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed good goodness-fit of the model. Self-sampling was repeated 1 000 times for internal verification. The consistency of the model was good. Conclusion Pleural effusion, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, higher level of age, WBC, Hb and lower level of TP are independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in PHC patients before intervention. The established nomogram prediction model can effectively evaluate the risk of pulmonary infection in PHC patients before intervention.

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The rapid pathological diagnostic value of cytological smear in pulmonary nodule during operation

JIN Fang, FENG Jing

2024, 52 (9): 946-949. doi: 10.11958/20240093

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Objective To explore the rapid pathological diagnostic value of cytological smear in pulmonary nodule during surgery. Methods A total of 40 lung nodule specimens collected during thoracoscopic surgery were performed cytological smears, Diff rapid staining was used to observe under light microscopy. Real-time report was given results. The results of intraoperative frozen section and postoperative paraffin section were compared. The result of postoperative paraffin section was used as the gold standard for the diagnosis. Results of cytological smear and frozen section diagnosis were divided into the confirmed, misdiagnosed and delayed diagnose groups. The diagnostic accuracy was calculated. Results In 40 lung nodule specimens, 28 cases were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, 2 cases were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case with pulmonary hamartoma, 1 case with sclerosing pneumocytoma, 3 cases with granulomatous lesions and 5 cases with organizing or inflammatory lesions by paraffin sections. Thirty-eight cases were diagnosed by cytological smears, with an accuracy rate of 95.0%. One case was misdiagnosed and one case was delayed in diagnosis. Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed by frozen sections, with an accuracy rate of 97.5%, and 1 case was delayed in diagnosis. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between cytological smear and frozen section examination for intraoperative pulmonary nodules (χ²=0.000，P=1.000). Conclusion Cytological smear examination has high accuracy in rapid pathological diagnosis of pulmonary nodules during surgery and has clinical practical value.

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Efficacy of capsaicin combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with dysphagia after stroke

ZHENG Jiqing, LONG Yaobin, XU Jin

2024, 52 (9): 950-953. doi: 10.11958/20231579

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Objective To investigate the efficacy of capsaicin combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of dysphagia after stroke. Methods A total of 85 stroke patients with dysphagia and no true bulbar palsy were included and divided into 3 groups by random number table method: the capsaicin group (28 cases), the rTMS group (29 cases) and the capsaicin combined with rTMS group (28 cases). On the basis of conventional rehabilitation treatment, patients of the capsaicin group were given capsaicin to stimulate oropharynx 3 times a day (30 min before breakfast, lunch and dinner) for 6 days/week. Patients of the rTMS group were given S1 hot spot magnetic stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex on the healthy side, once a day, 6 times a week, and patients of the capsaicin combined with rTMS group were treated with capsaicin combined with S1 hot spot magnetic stimulation. The treatment course of the 3 groups was 3 weeks. Before and after treatment, patients were evaluated by WST, SSA, EAT-10 and VFSS, respectively, to determine the degree of improvement in their swallowing function. Results There were no significant differences in WST, SSA, EAT-10 and VFSS scores before treatment between the 3 groups, and the above indexes were improved after treatment in the 3 groups. The improvement in the capsaicin combined with rTMS group was more obvious than that of the other 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Capsaicin combined with rTMS can significantly improve swallowing function of patients with swallowing disorder after stroke compared with capsaicin or rTMS alone.

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Correlation analysis of baseline data, early treatment response and prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

YANG Min, PAN Yansha, ZHANG Changling, CHEN Hongying, GUO Qulian, LIU Wenjun

2024, 52 (9): 954-958. doi: 10.11958/20231981

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Objective To investigate the correlation between baseline data, early treatment response and prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods Ninety-two children with ALL were divided into the endpoint event group (19 cases) and the event-free survival group (73 cases) according to whether there was an endpoint event (recurrence or death). The age and gender at initial diagnosis were recorded. Initial white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), immunophenotype, chromosome karyotype, fusion gene, prednisone test, bone marrow remission status on the 15^th day of induction chemotherapy and minimal residual disease (MRD) on the 15^th, 33^rd and 55^th day of induction chemotherapy were detected. The correlation between the above baseline data and early treatment response and the occurrence of endpoint event in children with ALL was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors of endpoint events in children with ALL. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of baseline data and early treatment response to endpoint events in children with ALL. Results The proportion of WBC ≥100×10⁹/L at first diagnosis, prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33^rdday of induction chemotherapy were higher in the endpoint event group than those in the event-free survival group (P < 0.05), and there were no significance differences in remaining indicators (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33^rdday of induction chemotherapy were risk factors for endpoint event in children with ALL (P < 0.05), and the combined value of the two indicators was better than that of a single indicator in predicting endpoint events in children with ALL. Conclusion Prednisone poor reaction and positive MRD on the 33^rdday of induction chemotherapy are associated with recurrence and death in children with ALL.

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Efficacy and safety of simultaneous prostate biopsy combined with PVP in the treatment of elderly, high-risk and suspected prostate cancer patients

ZHANG Zhihua, CHANG Taihao, LUO Fei, WANG Yashen, LI Jian

2024, 52 (9): 959-962. doi: 10.11958/20240564

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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of simultaneous prostate biopsy combined with greenlight laser photoselective vaporization of prostate (PVP) in the treatment of elderly, high-risk and suspected prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 37 elderly, high-risk and suspected PCa patients in Tianjin union medical center between June 2018 and December 2022. The surgical time, laser time, postoperative bladder irrigation time, catheter retention time and perioperative complications were recorded respectively. Furthermore, the patients were followed up regarding the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS score), Quality of Life Score (QoL score), Maximum Urinary Flow Rate (Qmax) and Residual Urine Volume (PVR). Results All patients were treated with the surgery successfully, with a surgical time of 58 (42,67) minutes and a laser time of 48 (31,57) minutes. There were 1 case (2.7%) of capsule perforation, 1 case (2.7%) of transfer to TURP, and no patients required blood transfusion. No patients had TUR syndrome（TURS）, severe hematuria, urinary retention secondary surgery, new acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in the perioperative period. Based on postoperative pathology, 29 cases (78.4%) were PCa and 8 cases (21.6%) were benign prostatic hyperplasia. The IPSS [5 (4,5)], Qol [2 (2,3)], Qmax [16 (14,18) mL/s], and PVR [30 (24,35) mL] of all patients was improved significantly 12 months after the surgery. Besides, the tPSA level [0.05 (0.02,0.37) μg/L] of PCa patients was also significantly decreased. Conclusion Simultaneous prostate biopsy combined with PVP can provide clear diagnosis and improve urinary tract obstruction, and is suitable for elderly, high-risk and suspected PCa patients.

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The predictive value of NIHSS score combined with serum BDNF and IL-6 for post-stroke depression

JIAO Aiju, REN Baolong, ZHANG Chunhua, LI Wenrui, ZHAO Weijing

2024, 52 (9): 963-966. doi: 10.11958/20240005

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Objective To investigate the predictive value of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in post-stroke depression (PSD). Methods A total of 180 patients with stroke were selected and divided into the PSD group (n=80, HAMD≥8 points) and the non-PSD (NPSD) group (n=100, HAMD<8 points), according to HAMD score at 3 months after stroke. The basic information, NIHSS score,serum BDNF and IL-6 were compared between the two groups. The influencing factors of PSD were analyzed by Logistic regression method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive value of NIHSS score, serum BDNF and IL-6 for PSD. Results Compared with the NPSD grope, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum BDNF level were significantly lower, NIHSS score and serum IL-6 level were significantly increased in the PSD group (P<0.05). Results of Logistic regression analysis showed that increased NIHSS score and serum IL-6 were risk factors for PSD, and increased serum BDNF was the protective factor in patents with PSD (P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of NIHSS score, serum BDNF and IL-6 and their combination prediction of PSD were 0.762, 0.746, 0.796 and 0.839, respectively. The sensitivity of the combined prediction was 86.0% and a specificity was 95.0%. Conclusion Compared with NPSD patients, the NIHSS score and serum IL-6 level are increased, and the serum BDNF level is decreased in patients with PSD. The combination of all three has a high predictive value for patients of PSD.

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Changes and clinical significance of serum miR-155 and miR-205-5p expression levels in patients with hepatitis C virus infection

XIAO Xiaoli, XIE Yao, LONG Zhi

2024, 52 (9): 967-970. doi: 10.11958/20231954

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Objective To investigate changes and clinical significance of serum microRNA-155 (miR-155) and microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) levels in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods A total of 141 patients with HCV infection were collected and divided into the HCV-1b group (92 cases) and the non HCV-1b group (49 cases) according to their genotype, and another 141 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were collected as the control group. The general information, biochemical indicators and serum levels of miR-155 and miR-205-5p were compared between the three groups. According to the grading of hepatitis activity, HCV infected patients were classified into the G0, G1, G2, G3 and G4 groups, and serum levels of miR-155 and miR-205-5p were compared between the five groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to analyze clinical values of serum miR-155 and miR-205-5p in diagnosing hepatitis activity of G1-G4 in patients with HCV infection. Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) were obviously higher in the HCV-1b group and the non HCV-1b group than those in the control group, while the level of ALB was obviously lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The serum level of miR-155 was increased in turn in the control group, the non-HCV-1b group and the HCV-1b group, and the serum level of miR-205-5p was decreased in turn (P<0.05). The serum level of miR-155 increased in turn with the increased grading of hepatitis activity, while the serum miR-205-5p level decreased in turn (P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) values of serum miR-155, miR-205-5p and their combination in diagnosing hepatitis activity of G1-G4 in HCV infected patients were 0.855, 0.793 and 0.913, respectively, and the combination of the two is superior to each individual diagnosis (P<0.05). Conclusion The serum miR-155 level increases and miR-205-5p level decreases in HCV infected patients. The combination of the two has high efficacy in diagnosing hepatitis activity of G1-G4 in HCV infected patients.

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Expression of LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p in colorectal cancer tissue and their relationship with prognosis

WANG Xinbo, LUO Bingqing, SHI Yubao, ZHANG Ye, XI Jiangwei

2024, 52 (9): 971-976. doi: 10.11958/20231812

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Objective To analyze the relationship between expression levels of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) LINC00342 and microRNA-203a-3p (miR-203a-3p) in colorectal cancer tissue and the prognosis of patients within 5 years after surgery. Methods Samples of colorectal cancer tissue and paracancer tissue of 133 patients with colorectal cancer were collected. Expression levels of LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Survival and death were recorded after 5 years of follow-up. The LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p expressions and clinicopathological parameters in patients under different conditions were compared. The correlation between expressions of LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p in colorectal cancer tissue was analyzed, and their predictive value for the prognosis was also analyzed. Results The expression level of LncRNA LINC00342 was higher in colorectal cancer tissue than that in paracancer tissue, and the expression level of miR-203a-3p was lower in colorectal cancer tissue than that in paracancer tissue (P<0.05). The expression levels of LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p in colorectal cancer tissue were negatively correlated (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with low tumor differentiation, TNM stage Ⅲ and lymph node metastasis were higher in the LncRNA LINC00342 high expression group and the miR-203a-3p low expression group than those in the LncRNA LINC00342 low expression group and the miR-203a-3p high expression group, respectively (P<0.05). The 5-year overall survival rate after operation was lower in the LncRNA LINC00342 high expression group and the miR-203a-3p low expression group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients with low tumor differentiation, TNM stage Ⅲ, lymph node metastasis, and higher expression level of LncRNA LINC00342 were higher in colorectal cancer tissue of the death group than those in the survival group, and the expression level of miR-203a-3p was lower than that in the survival group (P<0.05). Low tumor differentiation, TNM stage Ⅲ, lymph node metastasis, high expression of LncRNA LINC00342 and low expression of miR-203a-3p were independent risk factors for death within 5 years after colorectal cancer surgery (P<0.05). The combined predictive value of LncRNA LINC00342 and miR-203a-3p for prognosis was greater than that of individual prediction. Conclusion LncRNA LINC00342 is higher expressed and miR-203a-3p is lower expressed in colorectal cancer tissue, and the combined detection of the two is expected to become a clinical evaluation indicator for predicting postoperative survival.

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Evaluation of the anchorage effect of a new cross buccal tube in the treatment of second premolar extraction

ZHANG Xinyun, HAN Yichen, JIANG Hao, ZHANG Mingcan

2024, 52 (9): 977-981. doi: 10.11958/20240487

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Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of using a new cross buccal tube (XBT) to close the extraction gap of the maxillary second premolar and control the anchorage. Methods Fifteen adolescent patients with moderate to severe crowding, skeletal Class Ⅰ, missing maxillary second premolars or difficult to retain during clinical examination were selected. PASS orthodontic technique was used to reduce the number of maxillary second premolars to relieve crowding and retract the anterior teeth. Before and after treatment, head lateral images were taken and cephalometric measurements were taken. Changes of bone and dental indexes related to molar anchorage and anterior adduction were observed. Results After treatment, teeth of all patients were arranged neatly, the occlusion relationship was good and the profile was improved. Before and after treatment, there were no significant changes in bone indicators such as ∠SNA, ∠SNB and ∠ANB (P>0.05). There was no significant change in vertical height ∠MP-SN (P>0.05). The angle of the upper and lower central incisors, ∠U1-SN, ∠U1-NA, ∠ L1-MP and ∠L1-NB decreased significantly, while ∠U1-L1 increased significantly (P<0.05). The upper incisor margin point moving towards the distal (P<0.05), and there was no significant change in the position of the upper incisor root apex and first molar (P>0.05). Conclusion The application of the new cross buccal tube is beneficial for adolescent patients to control the occlusion of the extraction gap of the maxillary second premolar.

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A new diagnosis and ablation technique of lung isolated percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy

LIU Dan, WAN Nansheng, WANG Jie, LI Guangsheng, XIE Wei, TIAN Yu, FENG Jing

2024, 52 (9): 982-984. doi: 10.11958/20240150

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Pathological puncture biopsy is the key to early diagnosis and treatment of thoracic tumours, and percutaneous puncture biopsy (PTNB) technology has been widely used in clinical practice. Common complications of PTNB include pneumothorax, air embolism and pulmonary hemorrhage. In order to optimize traditional PTNB, our center has developed a new percutaneous puncture diagnosis and ablation technology for lung lesions, which greatly reduces the occurrence of complications, increases the accuracy of pathological biopsy. At the same time, it can bridge target lesion ablation. This article describes the standard operating procedure for diagnosis and ablation techniques of filling operation assisted percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy under rigid endoscopy with regular frequency controlled ventilation during general anesthesia.

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Visual analysis of molecular and cellular biology of thyroid cancer based on VOSviewer

DING Peisen, LIU Siyu, XING Zhilei, YU Xiaomeng, SONG Jiahui, CUI Yushan, LIU Hongliang

2024, 52 (9): 985-990. doi: 10.11958/20231667

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Objective To understand the research status and development trend in the field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer. Methods Relevant literature published in the field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022 was obtained in the web of science core collection (WoSCC) according to the search conditions, and bibliometric and visual analysis were performed using the bibliometric software VOSviewer and Excel. Results A total of 1 627 literatures were included. Among them, 113 papers were published in 2013, and 214 were published in 2022. The annual number of publications was on the rise. There were 9 274 authors in total, of whom 6 published no less than 10 literatures. There were a total of 2 042 institutions, of which the top 10 institutions were mostly Chinese universities. There were 68 countries in total, and the largest number of publications was China, followed by the United States. There were 513 journals in total, and the top 10 journals with the largest number of literatures were mainly in the field of oncology, followed by the field of endocrinology and metabolism. A total of 62 563 references from 5 887 journals were cited. The most co-cited journal was Journal of Biological Chemistry (1 608 times), and the most co-cited references was Molecular Pathogenesis and Mechanisms of Thyroid Cancer (89 times). Conclusion The field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer is currently developing steadily. Ferroptosis, glycosylation, telomerase reverse transcriptase and oxidative stress are the research frontiers in this field.

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Identification of key ferroptosis genes in paraspinal muscle degeneration based on RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis

ZHANG Chunhong, HUANG Hongchao, LIU Yue, DU Lilong, XU Haiwei, LI Ning, LI Yongjin

2024, 52 (9): 991-995. doi: 10.11958/20240587

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Objective To explore the gene expression profile in paraspinal muscle degeneration (PMD) and identify key ferroptosis genes. Methods RNA sequencing was performed on paraspinal muscle tissue of 3 normal and 3 PMD patients respectively to obtain differentially expressed genes. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) and gene functional enrichment analysis, the intersection of ferroptosis genes was identified to identify key hub genes associated with ferroptosis. The diagnostic value for PMD disease was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results A total of 292 differentially expressed genes were identified in PMD. Among them, 125 genes were significantly downregulated and 167 genes were significantly upregulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that 14 differentially expressed genes were associated with ferroptosis. Among them, ferroptosis genes MUC1, ATF3 and CDKN1A were key hub genes with good specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing PMD. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that they may mediate the occurrence and progression of PMD by regulating cell apoptosis, ferroptosis and skeletal muscle tissue development and differentiation. Conclusion Ferroptosis genes MUC1, ATF3 and CDKN1A can serve as biomarkers for diagnosing PMD, providing theoretical basis for decoding the pathological mechanism of PMD and developing new drugs.

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Advances in the study of the correlation between incretin hormone GIP and polycystic ovary syndrome

FAN Zhehua, LIU Jianrong

2024, 52 (9): 996-999. doi: 10.11958/20240051

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive and endocrine disorders in women of childbearing age, and the pathogenesis is unknown. Insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and obesity are important pathophysiological basis. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is a gastrointestinal hormone involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. Literature studies have shown that GIP is correlated with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, obesity and other characteristic changes of PCOS, and it may contribute to the onset and progression of PCOS by affecting the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, suggesting that GIP is associated with PCOS. This paper reviews the research progress of the correlation between GIP and PCOS.

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Research progress on the role of microglia polarization in neuropathic pain

CHEN Jingjing, NONG Zhangsong, TAN Liangyuan, YANG Peipei, LIANG Yingye, TANG Hongliang, WANG Kailong

2024, 52 (9): 1000-1003. doi: 10.11958/20240408

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Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a recurrent and intractable pain syndrome, and microglial polarization is closely related to it. Recent studies have shown that after cell polarization, M1 pro-inflammatory and M2 anti-inflammatory types could be formed, and M1 and M2 microglial cells are involved in NPP through the modulation of inflammatory responses. The two types of microglial cells have different roles in NPP, just like a double-edged sword. M1 pro-inflammatory type plays an injurious role in NPP through the release of pro-inflammatory factors and noxious substances, whereas M2 anti-inflammatory type plays a protective role by secreting anti-inflammatory factors. In this article, the role of microglia polarization on NPP are reviewed.

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Research progress on the mechanism of ASIC1a-mediated chondrocyte injury in rheumatoid arthritis

ZHONG Yumei, ZHOU Haiyan, ZHANG Min

2024, 52 (9): 1004-1008. doi: 10.11958/20240017

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a clinically refractory autoimmune disease. The destruction of bone and articular cartilage is a key pathological feature in the middle and late stages of RA. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a member of extracellular H⁺ activated cation channel family, which can transmit low pH signal from extracellular microenvironment into cells, activate downstream pathways and induce a series of pathological changes. New evidence shows that ASIC1a plays a key role in the pathogenesis of RA, promoting joint inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and the destruction of bone and articular cartilage, which is of great significance in the pathological process of disease. In this paper, the molecular characteristics of ASIC1a are briefly reviewed, and the possible mechanism of ASIC1a to improve cartilage injury of RA is emphasized, so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of RA.

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