天津医药 ›› 2017, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 889-896.doi: 10.11958/20170205

• 循证医学 • 上一篇    

ACEI 及 ARB 类药物治疗特发性肺纤维化 有效性的 Meta 分析

赵春阳 1,2, 杨立超 1,2, 蔡佳怡 3,4, 姜明燕 1,2△   

  1. 1 辽宁沈阳,中国医科大学附属第一医院药学部 (邮编 110001); 2 中国医科大学药学院; 3 沈阳药科大学; 4 沈阳军区总医院药学部
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-22 修回日期:2017-06-15 出版日期:2017-08-15 发布日期:2017-08-15
  • 通讯作者: △通讯作者 E-mail:syjmy@126.com E-mail:syjmy@126.com
  • 作者简介:△通讯作者 E-mail:syjmy@126.com

Efficacy of ACEI and ARB in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a Meta-analysis

ZHAO Chun-yang1,2, YANG Li-chao1,2, CAI Jia-yi3,4, JIANG Ming-yan1,2△   

  1. 1 Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; 2 Department of Pharmacy of China Medical University; 3 Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; 4 Department of Pharmacy of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command
  • Received:2017-02-22 Revised:2017-06-15 Published:2017-08-15 Online:2017-08-15
  • Contact: △Corresponding Author E-mail: syjmy@126.com E-mail:syjmy@126.com

摘要: 目的 通过系统评价的方法对应用血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB) 类药物在特发性肺纤维化治疗中的有效性进行分析。方法 应用计算机对 Pubmed、 Embase、 Cochrane Library, 以及 CNKI、 CBM、 万方等进行全数据库检索, 应用 Revman 5.0 对纳入文献进行偏倚风险评估, 应用 Stata 14.0 对试验组 (使 用 ACEI 或 ARB 类药物)和对照组(未使用)提取的主要指标(疗效), 辅助分析指标(血氧分压、 血二氧化碳分压、 一 氧化碳弥散量、 第一秒用力呼气量、 肺活量) 进行分析, 并应用 GRADE 评分对证据等级进行评价。结果 共纳入 17 篇文献, ARB 类药物有 14 篇, ACEI 类药物有 3 篇, 共 1 381 例患者。与对照组相比, ACEI 与 ARB 类药物在特发性 肺纤维化的治疗中有优势 (RR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.24~1.44, Z=7.81, P<0.001)。辅助指标分析显示, 试验组使用依那普 利(SMD=0.72, 95%CI: 0.21~1.22, Z=2.77, P=0.006)、 替米沙坦(SMD=3.86, 95%CI: 2.44~5.27, Z=5.35, P<0.001)、 缬 沙坦(SMD=1.94, 95%CI: 1.33~2.55, Z=6.27, P<0.001)、 卡托普利(SMD=0.60, 95%CI: 0.11~1.09, Z=2.41, P=0.016), 对患者年龄≥65 岁(SMD=0.76, 95%CI: 0.52~1.00, Z=6.18, P<0.001)及<65 岁(SMD=3.97, 95%CI: 2.61~5.32, Z= 5.73, P<0.001)、 病程 ≥5 年(SMD=1.39, 95%CI: 0.45~2.33, Z=2.89, P=0.004)及病程<5 年(SMD=3.26, 95%CI: 2.06~4.46, Z=5.34, P<0.001)的血氧分压较对照组改善明显(SMD=2.95, 95%CI: 1.95~3.94, Z=5.82, P<0.001), 其 中使用替米沙坦的疗效优于其他药物 (P<0.001), 且对于<65 岁的患者疗效更优 (P<0.001), 但病程 2 亚组间差异 无统计学意义(P=0.307); 试验组使用替米沙坦(SMD=-12.94, 95%CI: -14.01~-11.86, Z=23.51, P<0.001)及缬沙坦 (SMD=-1.95, 95%CI: -2.56~-1.34,Z=6.29, P<0.001)的血二氧化碳分压较对照组改善明显(SMD=-11.13, 95% CI: -17.03~-5.24, Z=3.70, P<0.001), 其中使用替米沙坦的疗效优于缬沙坦(P<0.001); 此外试验组的一氧化碳弥 散量(SMD=0.64, 95%CI: 0.45~0.83, Z=6.72, P<0.001)、 第一秒用力呼气量(SMD=1.19, 95%CI: 0.52~1.86, Z=3.47, P<0.001)以及肺活量(SMD=0.51, 95%CI: 0.16~0.85, Z=2.85, P=0.004)较对照组均有所改善。相关指标的 GRADE 评分证据质量等级为低质量到中等质量。结论 ACEI 及 ARB 类药物对特发性肺纤维化的治疗效果显著优于对照 组, 可提高患者疗效, 改善患者血氧分压、 血二氧化碳分压等, 其中试验组使用替米沙坦、 患者年龄<65 岁血氧分压改 善较优, 且其治疗效果与患者病程无关。

关键词: 特发性肺纤维化, Meta 分析, 肺囊性纤维化, 血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂, 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through the method of system evaluation. Methods A computer-based online search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang were used for database retrieval. Revman 5.0 was used to assess the bias of the included studies. The Stata 14.0 was used to evaluate the extraction indexes of efficacy, p (O2), p (CO2), DLco, FEV1 and VC. GRADE score was used to evaluate the level of evidence. Results A total of 17 articles (related with 1 381 patients) were included in this study, including 14 studies using ARB and 3 studies using ACEI. Compared with the control group ACEI and ARB drugs showed advantages in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis (RR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.24-1.44, Z=7.81, P<0.001). Auxiliary index analysis showed that the test groups were treated with enalapril (SMD=0.72, 95%CI: 0.21-1.22, Z=2.77, P=0.006), telmisartan (SMD=3.86, 95%CI: 2.44-5.27, Z=5.35, P<0.001), valsartan (SMD=1.94, 95%CI: 1.33-2.55, Z=6.27, P<0.001) and captopril (SMD=0.60, 95%CI: 0.11- 1.09, Z=2.41, P=0.016), the p(O2) levels were significantly improved in patients ≥65 years old (SMD=0.76, 95%CI: 0.52- 1.00, Z=6.18, P<0.001) and patients < 65 years old (SMD=3.97, 95% CI: 2.61- 5.32, Z=5.73, P<0.001), and disease duration ≥ 5 years (SMD=1.39, 95%CI: 0.45-2.33, Z=2.89, P=0.004) and disease duration < 5 years (SMD=3.26, 95%CI: 2.06-4.46, Z=5.34, P<0.001) compared with those of control group (SMD=2.95, 95%CI: 1.95-3.94, Z=5.82, P<0.001). The curative effect of telmisartan was better than that of other drug groups (P < 0.001), and which was much better for patients under 65 years old (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the disease duration between two groups (P= 0.307). The p (CO2) levels were significantly improved in patients treated with telmisartan [SMD=-12.94, 95%CI: (-14.01)- (-11.86), Z=23.51, P<0.001), valsartan [SMD=-1.95, 95%CI: (-2.56)-(-1.34),Z=6.29, P<0.001] compared with those of control group [SMD=-11.13, 95%CI: (-17.03)-(-5.24), Z=3.70, P<0.001]. The effect of telmisartan was better than that of valsartan (P < 0.001). In addition, values of DLco (SMD=0.64, 95%CI: 0.45-0.83, Z=6.72, P<0.001), FEV1 (SMD=1.19, 95% CI: 0.52- 1.86, Z=3.47, P<0.001) and VC (SMD=0.51, 95% CI: 0.16- 0.85, Z=2.85, P=0.004) were improved in test group compare with those of control group. And the GRADE scores of relevant indexes were low quality to moderate quality. Conclusion ACEI and ARB can improve the efficacy, the p (O2) and p (CO2) in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Patients with age <65 years old and treated with telmisartan have the best curative effect, and which is not related to the disease duration.

Key words: pulmonary fibrosis, Meta- analysis, lung cystic fibrosis, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker