关键词: 癌, 肝细胞, 免疫疗法, 肿瘤微环境, 血管生成抑制剂, CTLA-4抗原, 程序性细胞死亡受体1, 血管内皮生长因子类, 蛋白酪氨酸激酶类, 血管正常化

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies. Most patients are diagnosed late
and lose the opportunity for surgery at the late stage. At this time, medication becomes an important treatment, including
chemotherapy, targeting, immunity, traditional Chinese medicine and endocrine therapy. Immunotherapy is a new way of
cancer treatment, but the abnormal tumor angiogenesis forms an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which limits
the development of immunotherapy. Antiangiogenic therapy has become a new strategy to improve immunotherapy by
inhibiting tumor vascular growth and repairing abnormal tumor vascular system. This article reviews the relationship between
blood vessel normalization and immunotherapy in HCC and the combination of them.

Key words: carcinoma, hepatocellular, immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis inhibitors, CTLA-4 antigen, programmed cell death 1 receptor, vascular endothelial growth factors, protein-tyrosine kinases, vascular normalization