天津医药 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 167-171.doi: 10.11958/20230423

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

急性髓系白血病合并血流感染的病原菌分布与耐药性变迁及患者死亡的危险因素分析

纪晓娟(), 韩浩, 张丽侠   

  1. 亳州市人民医院血液内科(邮编236800)
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-27 修回日期:2023-06-27 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-01-26
  • 作者简介:纪晓娟(1985),女,主治医师,主要从事白血病治疗方面研究。E-mail:jixiaojuan19850808@126.com

Pathogenic bacteria distribution, drug resistance changes and risk factors of death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia complicated with bloodstream infection

JI Xiaojuan(), HAN Hao, ZHANG Lixia   

  1. Department of Hematology, the People’s Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou 236800, China
  • Received:2023-03-27 Revised:2023-06-27 Published:2024-02-15 Online:2024-01-26

摘要:

目的 探讨成人急性髓系白血病(AML)合并血流感染的病原菌分布与耐药性变迁,并分析患者死亡的危险因素。方法 比较85例AML合并血流感染确诊时间的前30个月(2017年1月—2019年6月检出的病原菌)和后30个月(2019年7月—2021年12月)的病原菌检出率和主要病原菌耐药率变迁情况。并按患者血流感染后6个月预后分为死亡组33例和生存组52例。采用Logistic回归分析影响AML合并血流感染患者死亡的危险因素。结果 85例AML合并血流感染患者共检出98株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主(65/98,66.33%),其次为革兰阳性菌(29/98,29.59%)、真菌(4/98,4.08%)。后30个月检出真菌(均为念珠菌)比例较前30个月增多(P<0.05)。后30个月与前30个月检出革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌比例及大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,确诊前1个月内抗生素使用史、感染性休克为AML合并血流感染患者死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 成人AML合并血流感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,但近年念珠菌感染率升高,且血流感染前使用抗生素及并发感染性休克者易出现预后不良。

关键词: 白血病,髓样,急性, 交叉感染, 细菌感染, 抗药性,细菌, 危险因素

Abstract:

Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance changes of pathogenic bacteria in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with bloodstream infection, and to analyze risk factors of death of patients. Methods Changes of detection rate of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance rate of main pathogenic bacteria of 85 patients with AML and bloodstream infection 30 months before confirmed diagnosis (pathogenic bacteria detected from January 2017 to June 2019) and 30 months after diagnosis (from July 2019 to December 2021) were compared. According to the prognosis at 6 months after bloodstream infection, patients were divided into the death group (33 cases) and the survival group (52 cases). Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors of death in patients with AML complicated with bloodstream infection. Results A total of 98 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 85 patients with AML complicated with bloodstream infection, mainly gram-negative bacteria (65/98, 66.33%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (29/98, 29.59%) and fungi (4/98, 4.08%). The proportion of fungi (all were candida) detected in the last 30 months was more than that in the first 30 months (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in proportions of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria and drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus between the late 30 months and the first 30 months (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the history of antibiotic use within 1 month before confirmed diagnosis and septic shock were independent risk factors for death in patients with AML complicated with bloodstream infection (P <0.05). Conclusion The main pathogens of adults with AML combined with bloodstream infection are gram-negative bacteria. However, candida infection rate has increased in recent years, and patients with antibiotic use before bloodstream infection and complicated with septic shock are prone to poor prognosis.

Key words: leukemia, myeloid, acute, cross infection, bacterial infection, drug resistance, bacteria, risk factors

中图分类号: