天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 319-323.doi: 10.11958/20252821

• 药物临床观察 • 上一篇    下一篇

羟考酮与舒芬太尼对老年ERCP患者术后镇痛效果、认知功能及炎性因子的影响

王颖1(), 李林艳2, 李星月3, 孙银贵1,2,()   

  1. 1 山东第二医科大学麻醉学院(邮编261053)
    2 山东第二医科大学附属医院麻醉科
    3 普外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-30 修回日期:2025-11-01 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:yinguisun@sdsmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王颖(1999),女,医师,主要从事临床麻醉与脏器功能保护方面研究。E-mail:wangying1999123@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    白求恩公益基金会恩泽疼痛医学研究项目(ezmr2023-037)

The effects of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia, cognitive function and inflammatory factors in elderly patients with ERCP

WANG Ying1(), LI Linyan2, LI Xingyue3, SUN Yingui1,2,()   

  1. 1 School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
    2 Department of Anesthesiology
    3 Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University
  • Received:2025-08-30 Revised:2025-11-01 Published:2026-03-15 Online:2026-03-17
  • Contact: E-mail:yinguisun@sdsmu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 比较羟考酮与舒芬太尼对老年内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)患者术后镇痛效果、认知功能及炎性因子的影响。方法 选取拟行择期ERCP的老年患者,采用随机数字表法分为羟考酮组和舒芬太尼组。2组术后均采用患者自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)模式给药,分别给予羟考酮和舒芬太尼。最终纳入162例,羟考酮组79例,舒芬太尼组83例。主要观察指标为术后72 h内静息状态下的疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分;次要指标包括术前1 d及术后7 d简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)与蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生率以及术前和术后6、24、72 h血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平。记录患者不良反应发生情况。结果 羟考酮组术后72 h内疼痛VAS评分显著低于舒芬太尼组(P<0.01)。术后7 d,羟考酮组MMSE评分和MoCA评分均高于舒芬太尼组,且POCD发生率低于舒芬太尼组(11.39% vs. 26.51%,P<0.05)。术后72 h内,羟考酮组CRP与IL-6水平均低于舒芬太尼组(P<0.01)。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在老年ERCP患者中,与舒芬太尼相比,羟考酮术后镇痛效果更佳,对认知功能影响更小,能更有效抑制炎症反应。

关键词: 胰胆管造影术, 内窥镜逆行, 疼痛, 手术后, 舒芬太尼, 羟考酮, 术后认知并发症

Abstract:

Objective To compare the effect of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative pain, cognitive function and inflammatory response in elderly patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Methods Elderly patients scheduled for elective ERCP were selected and divided into the oxycodone group and the sufentanil group by random number table method. Both groups received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) postoperatively, with oxycodone in the oxycodone group and sufentanil in the sufentanil group. A total of 162 patients were ultimately included, including 79 in the oxycodone group and 83 in the sufentanil group. The primary outcome was the resting pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score within 72 hours postoperatively. Secondary indicators included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores 1 day before the operation and 7 days after the operation, and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels before the operation and at 6, 24 and 72 hours after the operation. The occurrence of adverse reactions in patients was recorded. Results The VAS scores for pain within 72 hours postoperatively in the oxycodone group were significantly lower than that in the sufentanil group (P<0.01). Seven days after the operation, the oxycodone group had significantly higher MMSE and MoCA scores, and the incidence of POCD was significantly lower (11.39% vs. 26.51%, χ2=5.975, P<0.05). Within 72 hours postoperatively, the CRP and IL-6 levels in the oxycodone group were lower than those in the sufentanil group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The VAS score for pain within 72 hours after surgery in the oxycodone group was significantly lower than that in the sufentanil group, and the MMSE score and MoCA score were both higher in the oxycodone group than those in the sufentanil group, and the incidence of POCD (11.39%) was lower than that in the sufentanil group (26.51%). Within 72 hours after the operation, the levels of CRP and IL-6 were lower in the oxycodone group than those in the sufentanil group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion In elderly ERCP patients, oxycodone provides better postoperative pain relief, has a lesser impact on cognitive function and more effectively suppresses the inflammatory response compared to sufentanil.

Key words: cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde, pain, postoperatively, sufentanil, oxycodone, postoperative cognitive complications

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