天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 923-927.doi: 10.11958/20253484

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

系统性红斑狼疮血栓高风险的临床特点及影响因素分析

赖霞(), 尹韦玉, 曾邕萍, 杨有国, 刘媛()   

  1. 广西医科大学附属柳州市人民医院风湿免疫科(编码 545006)
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-08 修回日期:2026-03-09 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:liuyuanem@163.com
  • 作者简介:赖霞(1999),女,医师,主要从事类风湿关节炎、骨质疏松、间质性肺炎等方面研究。E-mail:1102728063@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82460322)

Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of high risk of thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

LAI Xia(), YIN Weiyu, ZENG Yongping, YANG Youguo, LIU Yuan()   

  1. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Liuzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545006, China
  • Received:2025-12-08 Revised:2026-03-09 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-14
  • Contact: E-mail:liuyuanem@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)血栓高风险患者的临床特点及相关影响因素。方法 回顾性收集2023年9月—2024年12月于柳州市人民医院风湿免疫科就诊的142例SLE患者,根据Padua评估量表评分分为2组:<4分为SLE血栓低危组85例,≥4分为SLE血栓高危组57例。收集患者一般资料、临床表现及合并症,采用系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)评估疾病活动度。采用全自动生化分析仪检测血常规、炎症指标、免疫球蛋白及24 h尿蛋白定量,采用免疫印迹法检测抗核抗体谱[包括抗核抗体(ANA)、抗史密斯抗体(Sm)、抗心磷脂抗体(aCL)、抗β2糖蛋白I抗体(β2GPI)等]。结果 SLE血栓高危组患者年龄高于SLE血栓低危组(P<0.05)。SLE血栓高危组合并狼疮性肾炎(LN)及高脂血症的比例高于低危组(P<0.05)。SLE血栓高危组SLEDAI评分、白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、D-二聚体(D-D)、24 h尿蛋白定量高于SLE血栓低危组,血白蛋白(ALB)、血小板(PLT)低于SLE血栓低危组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、CRP、D-D、SLEDAI评分升高,合并LN,aCL抗体和抗β2GPI抗体阳性是SLE血栓高风险的独立危险因素,PLT、ALB升高是其独立保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 识别危险因素有助于对SLE血栓高风险患者进行针对性监测与预防,降低血栓栓塞事件的发生率。

关键词: 红斑狼疮, 系统性, 静脉血栓栓塞, Padua评分

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of patients with high risk of thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A total of 142 SLE patients who visited the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at Liuzhou People's Hospital from September 2023 to December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Based on the Padua assessment scale scores, patients were divided into two groups: the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (score<4, n=85) and the SLE high-risk thrombosis group (score ≥ 4, n=57). The general information,clinical manifestations and comorbidities of the two groups were collected, and the disease activity was evaluated by the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). Blood routine, inflammatory indicators, immunoglobulin and 24-hour urine protein quantification were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The antinuclear antibody spectrum, including antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-Smith antibody (Sm), anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibody (β2GPI) were detected by Western blot assay. Results The age of patients in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group was higher than that in the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (P<0.05). The proportion of patients complicated with lupus nephritis (LN) and hyperlipidemia were higher in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group than that of the SLE low-risk thrombosis group (P<0.05). SLEDAI scores, white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer (D-D) and 24-hour urine protein quantification were higher in the SLE high-risk thrombosis group than those of the SLE low-risk thrombosis group, while the serum albumin (ALB) and platelet (PLT) decreased (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that increased age, CRP, D-D, SLEDAI score, LN, aCL antibody and anti-β2GPI antibody were independent risk factors for high-risk thrombosis in SLE, while increased PLT and ALB were independent protective factors for high-risk thrombosis in SLE (P < 0.05). Conclusion Identifying risk factors is helpful for the targeted monitoring and prevention of SLE patients at high risk of thrombosis, thereby reducing the incidence of thrombotic events.

Key words: lupus erythematosus, systemic, venous thromboembolism, Padua rating

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