天津医药 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 71-74.doi: 10.11958/20241504

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

首次医疗接触QRS时限与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死临床终点关系的单中心研究

刘欢(), 张琦, 闫启鹍, 曹路()   

  1. 天津大学胸科医院心血管内科(邮编300222)
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09 修回日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2025-01-15 发布日期:2025-02-06
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:caolutj@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘欢(1988),男,主治医师,主要从事冠心病及心力衰竭等方面研究。E-mail:xiaomoyida@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    天津市卫生健康委员会中医中西医结合科研课题(2023051);天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目(TJXKZDXK-055B)

A single-center study of the relationship between QRS duration of first medical contact and clinical endpoint in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

LIU Huan(), ZHANG Qi, YAN Qikun, CAO Lu()   

  1. Department of Cardiology, the Chest Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin 300222, China
  • Received:2024-10-09 Revised:2024-11-04 Published:2025-01-15 Online:2025-02-06
  • Contact: E-mail:caolutj@126.com

摘要:

目的 探讨首次医疗接触(FMC)QRS时限(QRSd)与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)30 d临床终点的关系。方法 选取547例STEMI患者,分为QRSd<100 ms组(306例)和QRSd≥100 ms组(241例),收集患者的临床资料,心电图及心脏超声检查评估均依据患者FMC检查结果。以术后当天作为研究起点,出院后进行门诊或电话随访,直至30 d或出现死亡,以发生主要心血管不良事件(MACE)为主要终点,MACE定义为全因死亡、急性心力衰竭(AHF)、再次血运重建的复合终点,次要终点为AHF。绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线评估MACE及AHF发生率;将QRSd以连续变量和分类变量纳入Cox回归,分析STEMI患者30 d MACE及AHF的影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估QRSd对STEMI患者30 d MACE发生的预测效能。结果 与QRSd<100 ms组比较,QRSd≥100 ms组心率较快,吸烟史比例较低(P<0.05)。44例患者出现MACE,其中QRSd<100 ms组11例,QRSd≥100 ms组33例;17例患者出现AHF,其中QRSd<100 ms组2例,QRSd≥100 ms组15例。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,QRSd≥100 ms组MACE发生率及AHF发生率均高于QRSd<100 ms组(P<0.01)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,QRSd延长、QRSd≥100 ms是MACE及AHF的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示QRSd预测MACE发生的最佳截断值为111 ms,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.796(95%CI:0.710~0.881),敏感度为0.75,特异度为0.84。结论 对于FMC心电图,与QRSd<100 ms相比,QRSd≥100 ms可增加急性STEMI患者30 d MACE和AHF的发生风险,且该风险随QRSd的延长而增加。

关键词: ST段抬高型心肌梗死, 心电描记术, 心力衰竭, QRS时限, 主要心血管不良事件, 首次医疗接触

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the QRS duration (QRSd) of the first medical contact (FMC) and the 30-day clinical endpoint of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods A total of 547 STEMI patients were selected and divided into the QRSd < 100 ms group (306 cases) and the QRSd≥100 ms group (241 cases). Clinical data of the patients were collected, and electrocardiography (ECG) and cardiac ultrasound were evaluated according to the FMC examination results of patients. The starting point of the study was the postoperative day. Outpatient or telephone follow-up was performed after discharge until 30 days or death, the primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), which was defined as the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, acute heart failure (AHF) and revascularization again, and the secondary endpoint was AHF. Kaplan-Meier curves were drawn to evaluate the incidence rates of MACE and AHF. QRSd was included in Cox regression with continuous variables and categorical variables to analyze influence factors of 30-day MACE and AHF in STEMI patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of QRSd in predicting 30 d MACE occurrence in STEMI patients.Results Compared with the QRSd < 100 ms group, HR was faster and the proportion of smoking history was lower in the QRSd≥100 ms group (P<0.05). MACE occurred in 44 patients, including 11 in the QRSd < 100 ms group and 33 in the QRSd≥100 ms group. AHF occurred in 17 patients, including 2 patients in the QRSd < 100 ms group and 15 patients in the QRSd≥100 ms group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the incidence of MACE and AHF were higher in the QRSd≥100 ms group than those in the QRSd < 100 ms group (P<0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that prolonged QRSd and QRSd≥100 ms were risk factors for MACE and AHF (P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the best cutoff value of QRSd for predicting MACE was 111 ms, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.796 (95%CI: 0.710-0.881), the sensitivity was 0.75, and the specificity was 0.84.Conclusion Compared with QRSd <100 ms, QRSd ≥100 ms of the FMC can increase the risk of 30-day MACE and heart failure in patients with STEMI, and this risk increases with prolonged QRSd.

Key words: ST elevation myocardial infarction, electrocardiography, heart failure, QRS duration, major adverse cardiovascular events, first medical contact

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