Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between estrogen gene polymorphism and the incidence of melasma. Methods: 56 cases of chloasma blepharoplasty plastic surgery patients (case group) and 39 cases of normal control group of people with different estrogen receptor immunohistochemistry, polymerase reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR -RFLP) technical Analysis two group of ERα gene PvuⅡ and XbaⅠ restriction site polymorphisms and RsaⅠ and AluⅠ restriction site polymorphism ERβ gene, investigate the incidence of estrogen and melasma serious relationship score. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that part of the case group dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells were positive for of ERα and ERβ, while the control group was weak ; Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relationship between ERα and melasma score (r = 0.462 , P = 0.017); the relationship between ERβ and melasma score (r = 0.512, P = 0.002); ERα gene XbaⅠ genotype distribution in the two groups was significant difference (P <0.05), with xx genotype reference exposure to X allele (Xx + XX) OR = 2.23 (95% CI: 1.41 ~ 3.89, P <0.05), ERβ gene AluⅠ genotypes were significantly different in the two groups difference (P <0.05 ), with aa genotype reference, exposed to the A allele (AA + Aa) OR = 1.58 (95% CI: 1.21 ~ 4.29, P <0.05), RsaⅠ genotype distribution in 2 groups were statistically difference (P <0.05), with reference rr genotype, exposure to R allele (RR + Rr) OR = 2.37 (95% CI: 1.19 ~ 6.33, P <0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of melasma XbaⅠ ERα gene genotype, ERβ gene AluⅠ, RsaⅠ genotype polymorphisms, gene mutations increase the risk of onset of melasma, where Xx, Aa and RR genotype susceptibility to diseases.

Key words: melanosis, estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, polymorphism, genetic, chloasma