Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to detect the of hsa-mir-144 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods RT-qPCR(Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) method was used to detect the of hsa-mir-144 in 46 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue. Combining with the clinical follow-up data, Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the survival．Results Comparing with internal reference U6，the amount 0.97(0.22–24.48)×10-6 of hsa-mir-144 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was lower than that 8.60(0.089–258.2)×10-6 in adjacent normal tissue, the difference was statistically significant (Z= –2.221, P<0.05). Expression of hsa-mir-144 was correlated with the lymph node metastasis (Z= –2.758，P<0.05)and pathologic stage(Z=7.737，P<0.05)，and it was not correlated with the sex, age of the patients and the size, location, differentiation degree, invasion depth of the tumor (all P＞0.05). Survival analysis indicated that lymph node metastasis, invasion depth of the tumor and pathologic stage were the influencing factors of prognoses (all P<0.05), but the of hsa-mir-144 was not correlated with the prognoses(P＞0.05). Conclusion The of hsa-mir-144 was lower in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue, there was significant influence on the occurrence， development and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma，it may serve as a new molecular marker.

Key words: reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, prognosis , factor analysis , statistical , hsa- miR- 144, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma