Abstract: Traumatic brain injury is the disease with high rate of death and disability. The primary injury after trauma is more important in prevention, and the secondary injury is the focus of clinical treatment. After traumatic brain injury, intestinal bleeding, increased permeability and imbalance of microbiota will gradually appear. The improvement of intestinal environment can promote the recovery of neurological function after brain trauma. There are many ways of two-way communication between brain and intestine, namely brain-gut axis. It has been reported that the treatment of brain-gut axis can improve the secondary injury of a variety of nervous system diseases including stroke. Therefore, this paper aims to review the brain-gut axis and its function in nervous system diseases, so as to promote the research of brain trauma and brain-gut axis, and create new ideas for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.

Key words: craniocerebral trauma, gastrointestinal microbiome, inflammation, peripheral nerves, endocrine system, brain-gut axis