Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary disease in myocardium and unexplained, with clinical expansion of unilateral or bilateral chambers of heart, and more expansion of left ventricle with systolic dysfunction as the main feature. As a result of DCM leading to expansion of heart chamber and recurrent congestive heart failure (CHF) progressive, patients are prone to arrhythmia, embolism, and sudden death，most of them with poor prognosis，and main cause of death is progressive and refractory heart failure and ventricular arrhythmia, at present lack of specific therapeutic scheme. So early and accurate evaluation and treatment of cardiac function has important clinical significance. With the continuous improvement of 3D technology and computer technology, real-time three dimensional echocardiography（RT-3DE）has become the research hotspot in current ultrasonic field。This paper reviews evaluating DCM by RT-3DE, and this technology can not only provide an intuitive three-dimensional anatomical structure of heart, also accurately measure atrioventricular chamber volume, and then understand the changes in morphological structure and hemodynamics, do the cardiac function and cardiac synchronization analysis and cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT), etc. It opens up a new way for diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of cardiovascular disease.

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