Abstract: Objective   To investigate the efficacy and safety of compound musk injection on viral encephalitis in children . Methods   113 cases with viral encephalitis in children were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (53 cases) were treated by conventional therapy and the treatment group (60 cases) were treated with compound musk injection of 0.5mL/kg, intravenous infusion, daily 1 in addition to the conventional therapy. A course of teatment of both groups were 7 days. Results  The efficiency of the treatment group and the control group were 96.67% and 71.70%. The difference was highly statistically significant (P<0.01). As for the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and syndromes, the treatment group was significantly shorter than the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The adverse incident relevant to drugs in two groups was no occurred at the course of therapy. Conclusion   The effect of compound musk injection on viral encephalitis in children is good and safe.

Key words: treatment outcome, the clinical programs, Compound musk injection, 复方麝香注射液