Abstract: [Abstract] Objective To study the effect of Rimonabant for cannabinoid receptor 1 andα-SMA of C57 mice with experimental hepatic fibrosis，Analysis the mechanism of action of rimonabant in Liver fibrosis progression . Methods thirty C57 mice were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. normal control group, model control group, model rimonabant group. There were 10 mice in every group. C57 mice with experimental hepatic fibrosis were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 10% CCl4. Mice were sacrificed at the end of six weeks , liver tissue were Specimened. The expression of CB1 andα-SMA in liver tissue of mice was observed by immune histochemical technique. The score of fibrosis stage (S) in liver tissue were also analyzed. Results The expression of CB1 andα-SMA and the score of fibrosis in model groups and model rimonabant group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (P<0.05), the expression of CB1 andα-SMA and the score of fibrosis in model groups were significantly lower than those in model rimonabant group (P<0.05), while Correlation analysis Indicate that there were correlative obvirously in the score of CB1、α-SMA and the fibrosis in each experiment group（P <0.05） .Conclusion The activation of CB1 can promote the formation of liver fibrosis, Rimonabant can Inhibit the proliferation and activation of HSC by inhibit expression of CB1, so have effect of anti hepatic fibrosis.

Key words: Rimonabant, cannabinoid receptor 1, α-smooth muscle actin, liver fibrosis, animal model