Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy and toxicity of teniposide plus carboplatin（TC） and etoposide plus carboplatin（EC） in treatment of newly diagnosed SCLC，and the possible role of VM-26 on prevention of brain metastasis of SCLC. Methods A total of 102 previously untreated SCLC patients without brain metastasis were included； 64 patients received EC（VP-16 group） and 38 patients received TC（VM-26 group）. The characteristics of patients were comparable according to χ2 test. One month after chemotherapy all patient get CR or PR began prophylactic cranial irradiation（PCI）. Results The overall response rate was 78.9% for VM-26 group with 4 complete response(CR) and 26 partial response(PR)，and 76.6% in VP-16 group with 7 CR and 42 PR(P=0.826). Median PFS was 10 months（95%CI 7.4～12.6） in VM-26 group and 9 months（95%CI 6.4～11.6）in VP-16 group(P=0.866).Median survival was 18 months（95%CI 16.5～19.5） and 16 months（95%CI 9.9～22.1）in VM-26 group and VP-16 group(P=0.642), reapectively. The 1，2 and 3-year survival rates were 73.7%、36.8% and 18.4% in VM-26 group; and 71.9%、37.5% and 18.8% in VP-16 group(P﹥0.05). The rate of brain metastasis was 21.1% for VM-26 group and 43.8% for VP-16 group(P=0.020). The main toxicity was grade 1/2 mylosuppression，and there was no significant difference between the two groups（P﹥0.05）. Conclusion TC is a highly active regimen for treatment of SCLC；there is no difference in the effectiveness and toxicity versus EC. Application of VM-26 can reduce the incidence of brain metastasis in SCLC patients.

Key words: Carboplatin, follow-up studies, small cell lung cancer, Teniposide, Etoposide